Abdominal Examination is Symptoms of GI or Abdominal disorders are often vague, and signs of abnormality few unless the disease…

It is a type of indigestion. When the quantity (level) of hydrochloric acid is raise up than its normal level, it is called ‘Acidity’.

Acne is a skin condition that occurs when your hair follicles become plugged with oil and dead skin cells.

Acute infection and inflammation (large and medium-sized airways) of mucous membrane of trachea and bronchi produced by viruses, bacteria or…

Diarrhea and vomiting are common symptoms that affect people of all ages, from babies and toddlers to adults.

Laryngitis is defined as any inflammatory process involving the larynx and can be caused by a variety of infectious and noninfectious processes. OR Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the voice box or larynx, usually accompanied by hoarseness, sore throat and coughing.

Otitis media is a group of inflammatory diseases of the middle ear. where’s acute otitis media [AOM] is an infection of rapid onset that…

Pancreatitis, inflammation of the pancreas, occurs in acute and chronic forms and may be due to edema, necrosis, or haemorrhage.

Acute stress disorder is an abnormal reaction to sudden stressful events.

Addison’s disease is primary adrenal failure.

Adenoids are a patch of tissue that is high up in the throat, just behind the nose. They, along with the tonsils, are part of the lymphatic system. The lymphatic system clears away infection and keeps body fluids in balance. The adenoids and tonsils work by trapping germs coming in through the mouth and nose.[1]

Adjustment disorder is a group of symptoms, such as stress, feeling sad or hopeless, and physical symptoms that can occur…

Allergic rhinitis, also knows as hay fever, is a type of inflammation in the nose which occurs when the immune…

Alopecia is defined as hair loss, partial or complete.

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurological disorder in which the death of brain cells causes memory loss and cognitive decline.

Anaemia is a state in which the haemoglobin concentration falls below the accepted normal range depending on age and sex.

Angina pectoris is the discomfort resulting from acute myocardial ischemia.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is characterised by a chronic inflammatory arthritis predominantly affecting the sacroiliac joints and spine, which can progress…

Anorexia nervosa is a clinical syndrome characterized by low body weight, amenorrhoea, distorted body image, and an intense fear of…

Ascaris lumbricoides, commonly called the roundworm, is the commonest intestinal nematode to infect the human and affects a quarter of…

Asphyxia neonatorum is a state of anoxia as a result of lack of oxygen and/or deficiency of perfusion to various…

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease in which your airways of the lungs become narrow and swell and produce extra…

It is a chronic inflammation of nose characterized by atrophy of nasal mucosa and turbinate bones.

Autism is a complex neurobehavioral condition that includes impairments in social interaction and developmental language and communication skills combined with rigid,…

Autonomic neuropathy occurs when the nerves that control involuntary bodily functions are damaged.

Avoidance of Seasonal Skin Problems is necessary because, it is a general problem or condition which affects our day to…

Back pain is a symptom of a medical condition, and not a diagnosis. It is ache, pain, tension that affects the muscles or bones of the back from the base of the neck to the hips.

Bad Breath (Halitosis) Is an unpleasant odor of the breath, the state or condition of having bad breath.

Baker’s cyst is also known as a popliteal cyst, is a type of fluid containing cyst behind knee.

It is also known as Enuresis. Bed wetting or enuresis refers to the involuntary passage of urine during sleep.

Bell’s palsy is an acute, apparently isolated, lower motor neuron facial palsy for which no cause can be found.

Botulism is a paralytic disease caused by potent protein neurotoxins elaborated by clostridium botulinum.

Bronchiectasis is a destructive lung disease characterized by chronic (permanent/irreversible) dilatation of the bronchi associated with persistent though variable inflammatory…

Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of uncontrolled excessive eating (‘binges’), compensatory methods of weight control,…

Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that occurs in the cells of the cervix -the lower part of the…

Before a detailed Cardiovascular System Examination is begun, it is always helpful to ask the patient’s background history as to…

Cataract is a clouding of the lens (The part of eyes that Helps to focused on an image or light)…

A disease in which the small intestine is hypersensitive to gluten, leading to difficulty in digesting food.

Cervical ectopy is a condition where the squamous epithelium of the ectocervix is replaced by columnar epithelium, which is continuous…

An infectious disease causing a mild fever and a rash of itchy inflamed pimples which turn to blisters and then…

Chikungunya fever is caused by Chikugunya virus. They are spherical enveloped virions, 60 nm diameters and have single stranded positive sense RNA genome.

Child abuse happens when a parent or other adult causes serious physical or emotional harm to a child.

A clinical disorder characterized by productive cough due to excessive mucus secretion in the bronchial tree not caused by local…

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a preventable and treatable disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation that is usually progressive,…

Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a chronic inflammation of the middle ear and mastoid cavity that is characterize by…

It is a chronic inflammatory condition of the pharynx. Pathologically, it is characterized by hypertrophy of mucosa, seromucous glands, sub epithelial lymphoid follicles and even the muscular coat of the pharynx.

Cluster headache (CH) is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent severe headaches on one side of the head, typically around the eye.

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is a type of talking treatment which focuses on how your thoughts, beliefs and attitudes affect your feelings…

A coma is a state of prolonged unconsciousness that can be caused by a variety of problems; traumatic head injury,…

Community psychiatry can be defined as the provision of psychiatric services to the patient within their community environment with an…

Conduct disorder is a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in children and adolescents in which the rights of others…

Conjunctivitis is an inflammation or infection of the transparent membrane (conjunctiva) that lines the eyelid and covers the white part…

Difficulty in passing stool or passes once in 2 / 3 days, stools can be hard or soft is termed as constipation. Constipation is also defined as infrequent passage of hard stool.

Constipation in Children & New Born is defined as a delay or difficulty in defecation, present for 2 or more…

Corn is a localized, smaller, deeper lesion with palpable tender nodule having a yellow white core of cornified dead skin…

Coronaviruses (CoV) are a  group of viruses that cause illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV) in humans.

A cough is a voluntary or involuntary act that clears the throat and breathing passage of foreign particles, microbes, irritants,…

In cryptomenorrhea, there is periodic shedding of the endometrium and bleeding but the menstrual blood fails to come out from…

Cushing’s syndrome refers to the clinical manifestations induced by, chronic exposure to excess corticosteroid.

Deliberate self-harm is not usually fail suicide. Only about a quarter of those who have deliberately harmed themselves say they…

Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease which is transmitted by female mosquitoes mainly of the species Aedes aegypti and, to a lesser extent, A. albopictus.

This condition can interfere with the acquisition, retention, or application of specific skills or sets of information. They may involve…

Nasal septum deviation is a physical disorder of the nose, involving a displacement of the nasal septum.

Diabetes Mellitus is chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated level of blood glucose which leads over time to serious damage to the heart, kidney, lung, eyes, nerves etc.

Diarrhoea is defined as bowel movements which are excessive in volume, frequency or liquidity.

Diphtheria is a nasopharyngeal and skin infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae.

Paraphilias are disorders of sexual preference in which sexual arousal occurs persistently and significantly in response to objects which are…

Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused when abnormal cell division results in an extra full or partial copy of…

Dwarfism is short stature that results from a genetic or medical condition. Dwarfism is generally defined as an adult height…

Dysentery refers to the presence of grossly visible blood in the stools and is a consequence of infection of the…

Dyspareunia means that the coital act is difficult and or painful.

Dysphagia difficulty with swallowing refers to problems with the transit of food or liquid from the mouth to the hypopharynx or through the esophagus.

An infectious and frequently fatal disease marked by fever and severe internal bleeding, spread through contact with infected body fluids…

Eczema is a polymorphic inflammatory reaction pattern of the skin involving the epidermis and dermis.

Presence of functioning endometrium (glands and stroma) in sites other than uterine mucosa is called endometriosis.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the inability to attain or sustain an erection satisfactory for sexual intercourse.

The female genital examination is preceded by an in-depth history taking, including present complaints, past and personal history (previous medical,…

Before beginning a detailed Examination Of The Male Genitalia, it is essential and most helpful to take a history of…

Three important questions govern the examination of the Nervous System: Is the mental status intact?,  Are right-sided and left-sided findings…

Examination Of The Respiratory System is carried out with a simultaneous general assessment.