Definition:
Liver is the commonest site for accumulation of fat because it plays central role in fat metabolism. Additionally, Depending upon the cause and amount of accumulation, fatty change may be mild and reversible, or severe producing irreversible cell injury and cell death. [1]
Overview
Epidemiology xxx
Causes
Types
Risk Factors xxx
Pathogenesis xxx
Pathophysiology
Clinical Features xxx
Sign & Symptoms
Clinical Examination xxx
Diagnosis
Differential Diagnosis
Complications xxx
Investigations xxx
Treatment
Prevention xxx
Homeopathic Treatment
Diet & Regimen
Do’s and Dont’s xxx
Terminology xxx
References
FAQ
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Overview
Overview of Fatty Liver
- It is also known as steato-hepatitis.
- Some ethnic groups are more susceptible to advanced disease than others (American Indians).
- In broad terms females are more susceptible than males. [3]
Epidemiology xxx
Indian epidemiology then other
Causes
Causes of Fatty Liver
Conditions with excess fat i.e.:
- Obesity
- Diabetes mellitus
- Congenital hyperlipidemia
Liver cell damage i.e.:
- Alcoholic liver disease (most common)
- Starvation
- Protein calorie malnutrition
- Chronic illnesses (tuberculosis)
- Acute fatty liver in late pregnancy
- Hypoxia (e.g. anaemia, cardiac failure)
- Hepatotoxins (e.g. carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, ether, aflatoxins and other poisons)
- Drug-induced liver cell injury (e.g. administration of methotrexate, steroids, CCl4, halothane anaesthetic, tetracycline etc)
- Reye’s syndrome. [1]
Types
Classification of Fatty Liver
- Non alcoholic (in other words, NAFLD)
- Alcoholic (in other words, AFLD) [2]
Risk Factors xxx
Risk factors are things that make you more likely to develop a disease in the first place.
Pathogenesis xxx
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Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology of Fatty Liver:
In fatty liver, intracellular accumulation of triglycerides can occur due to defect at one or more of the following 6 steps in the normal fat metabolism i.e.:
- Firstly, Increased entry of free fatty acids into the liver.
- Secondly, Increased synthesis of fatty acids by the liver.
- Thirdly, Decreased conversion of fatty acids into ketone bodies resulting in increased esterification of fatty acids to triglycerides.
- Fourthly, Increased α-glycerophosphate causing increased esterification of fatty acids to triglycerides.
- Besides this, Decreased synthesis of ‘lipid acceptor protein’ resulting in decreased formation of lipoprotein from triglycerides.
- All in all, Block in the excretion of lipoprotein from the liver into plasma.
In the case of liver cell injury by chronic alcoholism, many factors are implicated which i.e.:
- Increased lipolysis
- Increased free fatty acid synthesis
- Decreased triglyceride utilization
- Decreased fatty acid oxidation to ketone bodies
- Block in lipoprotein excretion [1]
Clinical Features xxx
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Sign & Symptoms
Sign & Symptoms of Fatty Liver
- Malaise
- Anorexia
- Weight loss
- Upper abdominal discomfort
- Tender hepatomegaly. [2]
Clinical Examination xxx
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Diagnosis
Diagnosis
- Laboratory findings of hyperbilirubinemia.
- Elevated serum aminotransferases also alkaline phosphatase.
- In addition, Often a neutrophilic leukocytosis.
- Serum AST levels tend to be higher than serum ALT levels in a 2:1 ratio.
- Ultra-Sonography of Abdomen. [2]
Differential Diagnosis
Differential Diagnosis
- Severe malnutrition
- Chronic debilitating infections
- Drug-induced liver injury
- Sepsis [5]
Complications xxx
Complications are what happen after you have a disease. They are the negative consequences of the disease process.
Investigations xxx
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Treatment
Treatment
Glitazones- alter hepatic lipid storage and turnover. [3]
Prevention xxx
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Homeopathic Treatment
Homeopathic Treatment of Fatty Liver
Homeopathy treats the person as a whole. It means that homeopathic treatment focuses on the patient as a person, as well as his pathological condition. The homeopathic medicines selected after a full individualizing examination and case-analysis.
which includes
- The medical history of the patient,
- Physical and mental constitution,
- Family history,
- Presenting symptoms,
- Underlying pathology,
- Possible causative factors etc.
A miasmatic tendency (predisposition/susceptibility) also often taken into account for the treatment of chronic conditions.
What Homoeopathic doctors do?
A homeopathy doctor tries to treat more than just the presenting symptoms. The focus is usually on what caused the disease condition? Why ‘this patient’ is sick ‘this way’?.
The disease diagnosis is important but in homeopathy, the cause of disease not just probed to the level of bacteria and viruses. Other factors like mental, emotional and physical stress that could predispose a person to illness also looked for. No a days, even modern medicine also considers a large number of diseases as psychosomatic. The correct homeopathy remedy tries to correct this disease predisposition.
The focus is not on curing the disease but to cure the person who is sick, to restore the health. If a disease pathology not very advanced, homeopathy remedies do give a hope for cure but even in incurable cases, the quality of life can greatly improved with homeopathic medicines.
Homeopathic Medicines for Fatty Liver:
The homeopathic remedies (medicines) given below indicate the therapeutic affinity but this is not a complete and definite guide to the homeopathy treatment of this condition. The symptoms listed against each homeopathic remedy may not be directly related to this disease because in homeopathy general symptoms and constitutional indications also taken into account for selecting a remedy, potency and repetition of dose by Homeopathic doctor.
So, here we describe homeopathic medicine only for reference and education purpose. Do not take medicines without consulting registered homeopathic doctor (BHMS or M.D. Homeopath).
Medicines:
Aurum Metallicum:
- Liver region hot also painful.
- Hepatitis
- Additionally, Jaundice; of pregnancy.
- Liver with heart symptoms.
- Ascites, with heart affections.
- Constipation, amelioration during menses.
- Stools, knotty, hard, also large.
Chelidonium Majus:
- In general, Epigastric region tender.
- Liver Pains Going Backward; or fixed at angle of right scapula.
- Liver enlarged; tender.
- Especially in Gall-stones.
- Constriction across abdomen, as by a string.
- Ascites, with yellow palms.
- Crawling also itching in rectum.
- As of an animal wriggling in epigastrium.
- Navel drawn in during colic.
China:
- Liver and spleen enlarged. In detail, Flatulent bloating; amelioration motion.
- Periodical liver symptoms.
- Colic amelioration especially by bending double.
- Post operative gas pains, no relief from passing it.
- Heat in abdomen as if hot water running down.
- Gall stone colic.
- Jaundice; especially, after leukorrhea, masturbation, sexual excess, diarrhoea.
Kali Bichromicum:
- Feeling of constriction from liver to shoulder (especially, right).
- Stitches in spleen extending to lumbar region.
- Moreover, Chronic intestinal ulceration with vomiting and emaciation.
- Stools; gelatinous, jelly like; or gushes of brown frothy water; then burning also tenesmus aggravation after rising in the morning.
- Periodical dysentery – every year, in summer.
- Besides this, Diarrhoea or dysentery after rheumatism.
- Sensation of a plugin anus.
- Lastly, As if something eating in bowels.
Phosphorus:
- Pressure above epigastrium.
- Sore spot in pit of stomach.
- Rubs abdomen for relief.
- Painless; copious; gray bluish; watery; pouring out; nervous; involuntary, after fright; exhausting diarrhoea.
- Alternate diarrhoea and constipation in old people
- Jaundice; with either pneumonia or brain disease; during pregnancy; additionally, from nervous excitement; malignant; hematogenous.
- Acute yellow atrophy of liver.
- Specifically indicated in Acute hepatitis.
- Large yellow spots especially on abdomen.
Picric Acid:
- Vomits suddenly, without warning; vomits bright yellow, bitter.
- Oily burning stools.
- Diarrhoea from mental exertion.
- Burning in rectum while passing stools.
- Stools thin, also yellow.
- Jaundice with itching.
Vanadium:
- A remedy for degenerative conditions of liver and arteries.
- Fatty degeneration of heart and liver.
- Arterio-sclerosis.
- Deeply pigmented patches on forehead in liver affections.
- Profound weakness. [4]
Diet & Regimen
Diet & Regimen of Fatty Liver
In general, the diet for this disease i.e.:
- Fruits and vegetables
- High-fiber plants like legumes also whole grains
- In detail, Significantly reducing intake of certain foods and beverages including those high in added sugar, salt, refined carbohydrate also saturated fat
- No alcohol [6]
Do’s and Dont’s xxx
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Terminology xxx
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References
References use for Article Fatty Liver
[1] Harsh Mohan – Textbook of Pathology, 6th Edition
[2] Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease, 9e (2014)
[3] Muirs_Textbo_of_Pathol_14th_Ed
[4] PHATAK S. R., Materia Medica of Homeopathic Medicines
[5] Atlas_of_Liver_Pathology_3rd_Edition
[6] https://www.healthline.com/health/fatty-liver-diet#_noHeaderPrefixedContent.
FAQ
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Fatty Liver?
Liver is the commonest site for accumulation of fat because it plays central role in fat metabolism. Depending upon the cause and amount of accumulation, fatty change may be mild and reversible, or severe producing irreversible cell injury and cell death.
Homeopathic Medicines used by Homeopathic Doctors in treatment of Fatty Liver?
- Aurum Metallicum
- Chelidonium Majus
- China
- Kali Bichromicum
- Phosphorus
- Picric Acid
What causes Fatty Liver?
- Obesity
- Diabetes mellitus
- Congenital hyperlipidemia
- Alcoholic liver disease (most common)
- Starvation
- Protein calorie malnutrition
- Chronic illnesses
What are the symptoms of Fatty Liver?
- Malaise
- Anorexia
- Weight loss
- Upper abdominal discomfort
- Tender hepatomegaly
Give the types of Fatty Liver?
- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
- Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
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