Definition:
Organic Hallucinosis is a disorder of persistent or recurrent hallucinations, usually visual or auditory, that occur in clear consciousness and either may or may not be recognized by the subject as such. Delusional elaboration of the hallucinations may occur, but delusions do not dominate the clinical picture; insight may preserve. [2]
Overview
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Causes
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Pathogenesis xxx
Pathophysiology
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Differential Diagnosis xxx
Complications
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Treatment
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References
FAQ
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Overview
In general; According to ICD-10 (F06.0), presence of either persistent or recurrent hallucinations due to an underlying organic cause is required for the diagnosis of organic hallucinosis. Additionally; It is important to rule out any major disturbance of consciousness, intelligence, memory, mood or thought.
Besides this; These hallucinations can occur in any sensory modality but are usually visual (most common) or auditory in nature.
These hallucinations can range from very simple also unformed, to very complex and well-organised. Lastly; Usually the patients realize that the hallucinations are not real but sometimes there may be a delusional elaboration of hallucinations. [1]
Epidemiology xxx
Indian epidemiology then other
Causes
1. Drugs: Hallucinogens ( for example; LSD, psilocybin, mescaline), cocaine, cannabis, phencyclidine (in other words; PCP), levodopa, bromocriptine, amantadine, ephedrine, propranolol, pentazocine, methylphenidate, imipramine, anticholinergics, bromide.
2. Alcohol: e.g. In alcoholic hallucinosis, auditory hallucinations are usually more common.
3. Sensory deprivation.
4. ‘Release’ hallucinations due to sensory pathway disease, e.g. bilateral cataracts, otosclerosis, optic neuritis.
5. Migraine.
6. Epilepsy: Complex partial seizures.
7. Intracranial space occupying lesions.
8. Temporal arteritis.
9. Brain stem lesions (i.e. peduncular hallucinosis). [1]
Types
AAA
Risk Factors
Risk factors are things that make you more likely to develop a disease in the first place.
Pathogenesis xxx
Pathogenesis refers to the development of a disease. It’s the story of how a disease gets started and progresses.
This is the entire journey of a disease, encompassing the cause but going beyond it.
Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology, on the other hand, focuses on the functional changes that occur in the body due to the disease. It explains how the disease disrupts normal physiological processes and how this disruption leads to the signs and symptoms we see.
Imagine a car accident. Pathogenesis would be like understanding how the accident happened – what caused it, the sequence of events (e.g., one car ran a red light, then hit another car). Pathophysiology would be like understanding the damage caused by the accident – the bent fenders, deployed airbags, and any injuries to the passengers.
In simpler terms, pathogenesis is about the "why" of a disease, while pathophysiology is about the "how" of the disease’s effects.
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Complications
Complications are what happen after you have a disease. They are the negative consequences of the disease process.
Investigations xxx
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Treatment
1. Firstly; Treatment of the underlying cause, if treatable.
2. Secondly; Symptomatic treatment with a low dose of an anti psychotic medication (such as Haloperidol, Risperidone and Olanzapine) may need. [2]
Prevention xxx
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Homeopathic Treatment xxx
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Do’s and Dont’s xxx
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Terminology xxx
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References
- A Short Textbook of Psychiatry by Niraj Ahuja / Ch 3.
- http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2016/en#/F00-F09
FAQ
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Organic Hallucinosis?
Organic Hallucinosis is a disorder of persistent or recurrent hallucinations, usually visual or auditory, that occur in clear consciousness and either may or may not recognize by the subject as such.
What causes Organic Hallucinosis?
- Drugs
- Alcohol
- Epilepsy
- Migraine
- Temporal arteritis
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