Definition:
Organic mood disorder are characterized by those that involve the moods or emotions of a person that are changed due to a physiological problem with the brain or nervous system. [3]
Disorders characterized by a change in mood or affect, usually accompanied by a change in the overall level of activity, depressive, hypomanic, wild or bipolar, but arising as a consequence of an organic disorder. [2]
Overview
Epidemiology xxx
Causes
Types
Risk Factors
Pathogenesis xxx
Pathophysiology
Clinical Features xxx
Sign & Symptoms
Clinical Examination xxx
Diagnosis xxx
Differential Diagnosis xxx
Complications
Investigations xxx
Treatment
Prevention xxx
Homeopathic Treatment xxx
Diet & Regimen xxx
Do’s and Dont’s xxx
Terminology xxx
References
FAQ
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Overview
Organic Mood Disorder:
Definition:
Organic mood disorder are characterized by those that involve the moods or emotions of a person that are changed due to a physiological problem with the brain or nervous system. [3]
Disorders characterized by a change in mood or affect, usually accompanied by a change in the overall level of activity, depressive, hypomanic, wild or bipolar, but arising as a consequence of an organic disorder. [2]
Epidemiology xxx
Indian epidemiology then other
Causes
Some of the causes of organic mood disorder are listed below:
1. Drugs:
- Mania: for example; INH, Levodopa, Bromide, LSD, Corticosteroids (hypomania), Hallucinogens, Tricyclic antidepressants, Cocaine, Baclofen, Amphetamines, Bromocriptine, Cimetidine, Procyclidine
- Depression: Reserpine, Ethanol, Clonidine, Methyldopa, Propranolol, Corticosteroids, Antipsychotics (particularly typical antipsychotics), Cimetidine, Anticancer chemo therapy, Oral contraceptives. Additionally; Any drug a depressed person is taking should be considered a potential factor in the causation of depressive episode.
2. Endocrine disorders:
Mania: Hyperthyroidism
Depression: for example; Hypothyroidism, Cushing’s syndrome, Addison’s disease, hyper also hypoparathyroidism.
3. CNS disorders:
Parkinsonism, Huntington’s chorea, PSP (progressive supranuclear palsy; depression more likely), CVAs (in other words; cerebrovascular accidents; left-sided anterior lesions and right sided posterior lesions cause depression in stroke), cerebral tumours, epilepsy (complex partial seizures), neurosyphilis (GPI), head injury (mania more likely), multiple sclerosis.
4. Post-viral illnesses:
Influenza, infectious mononucleosis, viral pneumonia, also infectious hepatitis.
5. Deficiencies:
Pellagra, deficiency of thiamine, folate, niacin, folate, also B12.
6. Others:
Carcinoma pancreas (i.e. depression), SLE, pernicious anaemia, temporal arteritis (i.e. depression), carcinoid syndrome (i.e. mania). [1]
Types
Types of Organic Mood Disorder
These are the two major types of mood disorders.
- Firstly; Depressive disorders concern feelings of hopelessness and other negative emotions associated with depression. There are varying degrees of problems with depression, ranging from Major Depressive disorder (with several sub-varieties) to chronic cases of depression labeled dysthymia, where a person has a continual low mood for more than 24 months at a time.
- Secondly; Bipolar disorders include depression – including any of the different varieties of depression but people affected also exhibit manic episodes on the other end of the emotional spectrum. Besides this; Some go back and forth between extremes multiple times very rapidly depending on the degree of the disorder. [3]
Risk Factors
Risk factors are things that make you more likely to develop a disease in the first place.
Pathogenesis xxx
Pathogenesis refers to the development of a disease. It’s the story of how a disease gets started and progresses.
This is the entire journey of a disease, encompassing the cause but going beyond it.
Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology, on the other hand, focuses on the functional changes that occur in the body due to the disease. It explains how the disease disrupts normal physiological processes and how this disruption leads to the signs and symptoms we see.
Imagine a car accident. Pathogenesis would be like understanding how the accident happened – what caused it, the sequence of events (e.g., one car ran a red light, then hit another car). Pathophysiology would be like understanding the damage caused by the accident – the bent fenders, deployed airbags, and any injuries to the passengers.
In simpler terms, pathogenesis is about the "why" of a disease, while pathophysiology is about the "how" of the disease’s effects.
Clinical Features xxx
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Sign & Symptoms
Sign & Symptoms of Organic Mood Disorders
- Extreme changes in personality
- Prolonged depression
- Easy irritability also agitation
- Extreme aggression
- Extreme anxiety [3]
Clinical Examination xxx
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Diagnosis xxx
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Differential Diagnosis xxx
Complications
Complications are what happen after you have a disease. They are the negative consequences of the disease process.
Investigations xxx
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Treatment
Treatment of Organic Mood Disorder
1. Firstly; Management of the underlying organic cause, if treatable.
2. Secondly; Symptomatic management, if the episodes are severe.
For example, for a manic episode, low dose antipsychotic medication (such as risperidone, haloperidol, olanzapine) and/or a mood stabiliser (such as valproate); also for a depressive episode, low dose antidepressants (such as sertraline or mirtazapine).
Antipsychotics are not recommend in patients who have suffered from stroke and/or dementia as the risk of mortality is higher.
Pathological laughter and crying (associated with multiple sclerosis or stroke) can similarly respond to small dose SSRIs or small dose amitriptyline. [1]
Prevention xxx
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Homeopathic Treatment xxx
Diet & Regimen xxx
Do’s and Dont’s xxx
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Terminology xxx
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References
- A Short Textbook of Psychiatry by Niraj Ahuja / Ch 3.
- http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2016/en#/F00-F09.
FAQ
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Organic Mood Disorder?
They are characterized by those that involve the moods or emotions of a person that are changed due to a physiological problem with the brain or nervous system.
What are the types of Organic Mood Disorder?
- Depressive disorders
- Bipolar disorders
What causes Organic Mood Disorder?
- Drugs
- Endocrine disorders
- CNS disorders
- Post-viral illnesses
- Deficiencies
Give the 5 signs of Organic Mood Disorder?
- Extreme changes in personality
- Prolonged depression
- Easy irritability and agitation
- Extreme aggression
- Extreme anxiety
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