Definition:
Pityriasis Rosea (PR) is a common non-cancerous (benign) rash that mostly affects the back, chest, and abdomen. It starts fairly quickly, lasts about 6–8 weeks, and is usually not itchy.
Overview
Epidemiology xxx
Causes
Types xxx
Risk Factors xxx
Pathogenesis
Pathophysiology
Clinical Features xxx
Sign & Symptoms
Clinical Examination xxx
Diagnosis xxx
Differential Diagnosis xxx
Complications
Investigations xxx
Treatment
Prevention xxx
Homeopathic Treatment xxx
Selfcare Guidelines
Diet & Regimen xxx
Do’s and Dont’s xxx
Terminology xxx
References
FAQ xxx
Also Search As xxx
Overview
Pityriasis rosea (PR):
It is a common and typically self-limited cutaneous eruption. Classically, a solitary scaly, pink or flesh colored plaque the "herald patch" – appears first, often on the trunk.
The ensuing eruption appears days to weeks later and consists of multiple discrete oval, erythematous, and scaly plaques and patches oriented along skin cleavage lines, most commonly on the trunk and upper extremities.
The face, palms, and soles are usually spare.
Who’s at risk?
Epidemiology xxx
Indian epidemiology then other
Causes
This refers to the initiating factors that trigger a disease process.
- Examples of causes include:
- Pathogens: Viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites (infectious diseases)
- Genetic mutations: Inherited or spontaneous changes in genes (genetic diseases)
- Environmental factors: Toxins, radiation, nutritional deficiencies
- Lifestyle choices: Smoking, unhealthy diet, lack of exercise (contributing factors)
Types xxx
AAA
Risk Factors xxx
Risk factors are things that make you more likely to develop a disease in the first place.
Pathogenesis
Pathogenesis refers to the development of a disease. It’s the story of how a disease gets started and progresses.
This is the entire journey of a disease, encompassing the cause but going beyond it.
Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology, on the other hand, focuses on the functional changes that occur in the body due to the disease. It explains how the disease disrupts normal physiological processes and how this disruption leads to the signs and symptoms we see.
Imagine a car accident. Pathogenesis would be like understanding how the accident happened – what caused it, the sequence of events (e.g., one car ran a red light, then hit another car). Pathophysiology would be like understanding the damage caused by the accident – the bent fenders, deployed airbags, and any injuries to the passengers.
In simpler terms, pathogenesis is about the "why" of a disease, while pathophysiology is about the "how" of the disease’s effects.
Clinical Features xxx
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Sign & Symptoms
The most common locations for pityriasis rosea include:
- Chest
- Upper back
- Neck
- Abdomen
- Upper arms
- Thighs
In an uncommon type of pityriasis rosea, the rash may be concentrated in the armpits and groin or on the face, forearms, and shins.
Pityriasis rosea usually begins with a single patch of pink-to-red, scaly skin, from 2–5 cm in size.
herald patch
This "herald patch" is usually locate on the trunk, neck, or upper arms. The herald patch is follow 1–3 weeks later by the development of a widespread rash, with smaller (0.5–2 cm) oval patches of pink-to-red, scaly skin on the trunk and upper arms.
Christmas tree
The second rash forms a "Christmas tree" pattern on the back.
Some people report feeling mildly ill (headache, stuffy nose, muscle aches) for 1–2 weeks before the herald patch forms.
Additionally, some people experience itching with pityriasis rosea. Becoming overheat by exercising or taking a hot shower may increase itching or make the rash more obvious.
Pityriasis rosea is a self-limited condition, meaning that it goes away on its own, typically within 6–8 weeks, without treatment.
However, the rash often leaves behind patches of lighter (hypopigmented) or darker (hyperpigmented) skin, which are more obvious in darker-skinned people and may take months to return to its normal color.
Clinical Examination xxx
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Diagnosis xxx
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Differential Diagnosis xxx
Complications
Complications are what happen after you have a disease. They are the negative consequences of the disease process.
Investigations xxx
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Treatment
Although most people have the classic form of pityriasis rosea, some individuals develop a form of pityriasis rosea with unusual (atypical) features. These atypical types of pityriasis rosea may be more difficult to diagnose and may require a skin biopsy.
This procedure involves:
- Numbing the skin with an injectable anesthetic.
- Sampling a small piece of skin by using a flexible razor blade, a scalpel, or a tiny cookie cutter (called a "punch biopsy"). If a punch biopsy is taken, a stitch (suture) or two may be placed and will need to be removed 6–14 days later.
- Having the skin sample examined under the microscope by a specially trained physician (dermatopathologist).
In addition, your physician may want to do blood tests for other medical conditions.
Because pityriasis rosea is benign and self-limited, no treatment required. However, some people with pityriasis rosea have mild-to-severe itching, and your physician may suggest:
- Moisturizing creams or lotions
- Oatmeal baths
- Topical menthol-phenol lotions
- Topical corticosteroid (cortisone) creams or lotions
- Oral anti-histamine pills
- Ultraviolet light treatments
- Oral corticosteroid pills (if the pityriasis rosea is very severe)
Prevention xxx
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Homeopathic Treatment xxx
Selfcare Guidelines
- Oatmeal baths
- Lukewarm (rather than hot) baths and showers
- Antihistamine pills
Other than relieving the itch, there are no self-care measures for pityriasis rosea. Although the rash should go away on its own within 6–8 weeks, see your doctor for evaluation of any widespread rash.
When to Seek Medical Care?
Be prepared to discuss the following with your doctor:
- The course of the rash (when it started, whether or not there was a herald patch, etc)
- What treatments, if any, you have tried
- Whether or not any friends or relatives have a similar rash
- Your recent sexual history
- Your medication history (make sure you know the names of any pills you have taken within the last month)
Diet & Regimen xxx
Do’s and Dont’s xxx
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Terminology xxx
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References
Bolognia, Jean L., ed. Dermatology, pp.158-160. New York: Mosby, 2003.Freedberg, Irwin M., ed. Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology in General Medicine. 6th ed. pp.445-449. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2003.
Trusted Links
MedlinePlus: Rashes Clinical Information and Differential Diagnosis of Pityriasis Rosea
Codes:
ICD10CM:
L42 – Pityriasis rosea
SNOMEDCT:
77252004 – Pityriasis rosea
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