Anatomy Mnemonics
Anatomy Mnemonics: Today I am happy to share all these medical anatomy mnemonics .These are collected from various offline and online sources including text books.If you know any other anatomy mnemonics please share via comments.
Branches of Subclavian Mnemonics
"VITamin C and D"
Vertebral
Internal thoracic
Thyrocervical trunk
Costocervical trunk
Dorsoscapular
Note: Thyrocervical trunk further branches out into inferior thyroid, transverse, and suprascapular; costocervical branches out to deep cervical and supreme intercostal
Axillary artery branches Mnemonics
"Screw The Lawyer Save A Patient":
Superior thoracic
Thoracoacromiol
Lateral thoracic
Subscapular
Anterior circumflex humeral
Posterior circumflex humeral
Alternatively: "Some Times Life Seems A Pain".
Branches of the Facial Mnemonics
"Proceed to Zanzibar By Motor Car"
-Posterior auricular (only sensory one), -Temporal
-Zygomatic
-Buccal
-Marginal mandibular
-Cervical
Cubital fossa contents Mnemonics
"Really Need Booze To Be At My Nicest": From lateral to medial:
Radial Nerve
Biceps Tendon
Brachial Artery
Median Nerve
Anatomy Mnemonics for Branches of Trigeminal
LIFESS ZIZ BAM
-Lacrimal
-Infratrochlear
-Frontalis
-External Nasal (part of nasociliary)
-Supraorbital
-Supratrochlear
-Zygotemporal
-Infraorbital
-Zygomaticofacial
-Buccal
-Auriculotemporal
-Mental
Bronchopulmonary Segments of Right Lung (Superior Lobe) Mnemonics
"APALM"
-Apical
-Posterior
-Anterior
-Lateral
-Medial
Buttock Quadrant safest for Needle Insertion Mnemonics
"Shut up and butt out"
The Upper Outer quadrant of the Buttock safely avoids hitting sciatic nerve.
Carotid Sheath Contents Mnemonics
"I C 10 CC’s in the IV"
-I See (I.C.) = Internal Carotid artery
-10 = CN 10 (Vagus nerve)
-CC = Common Carotid artery
-IV = Internal Jugular Vein
Cavernous Sinus Drainage Mnemonics
"Only Date Freaky Escorts"
-Ophthalmic vein
-Deep
-Facial vein
-Emissary vein
Cervical Plexus Anatomy Mnemonics
"Let’s Go To Sleep"
-Lesser Occipital
-Great Auricular
-Transverse Cervical
-Supraclavicular
External Carotid Artery Branches Mnemonics
"Seven Angry Ladies Fighting Over PMS"
-Superior thyroid
-Ascending pharyngeal
-Lingual
-Facial
-Occipital
-Posterior auricular
-Maxillary
-Superficial Temporal
Anatomy Mnemonics for External Jugular Vein Tributaries
"PAST"
-Posterior external jugular vein
-Anterior jugular vein
-Suprascapular vein
-Transverse cervical vein
Eye Rotation by Obliques Mnemonics
"I Love S&M"
Inferior oblique: Lateral eye rotation. Superior oblique: Medial eye rotation.
Action of the obliques is opposite to their names. Action of the rectii is rightly fitting to their names. Both superiors cause intorsion and both inferiors cause extorsion.
Facial Bones Mnemonics
"Virgil Can Not Make My Pet Zebra Laugh!"
-Vomer
-Conchae
-Nasal
-Maxilla
-Mandible
-Palatine
-Zygomatic
-Lacrimal
Femoral Artery Branches Mnemonics
"Put My Leg Down Please"
-Profundus femoris (deep femoral artery)
-Medial circumflex femoral artery
-Lateral circumflex femoral artery
-Descending genicular artery
-Perforating Artery
Elbow: muscles that flex it Three B’s Bend the
elBow:
Brachialis
Biceps
Brachioradialis
Murphy’s point organ [for Irish] "Murphy was an Irishman
(and Murphy is a classic Irish surname), and Ireland=green":
Green organ in body is gallbladder, so Murphy’s point is the gall bladder.
Anteflexed vs. anteverted: what bodypart each describes "Anteflexed
and Anteverted both bend toward Anterior".
· The "V" words go together: Verted is for the cerVix (therefore
flexed must be uterus).
Foramen spinosum: location on base of skull Foramen spinosum
is adjacent to the spine of sphenoid.
Pterygoid muscles: function of lateral vs. medial "Look at
how your jaw ends up when saying first syllable of ‘Lateral’ or ‘Medial’
":
"La": your jaw is now open, so Lateral opens mouth.
"Me": your jaw is still closed, so medial closes the
mandible.
Face muscles: large muscle groups’ cranial innervation Mandibular
nerve: Mastication.
Facial nerve: Facial expression.
Meckel’s diverticulum details 2 inches long.
2 feet from end of ileum.
2 times more common in men.
2% occurrence in population.
2 types of tissues may be present.
· Note: "di-" means "two", so diverticulum is the thing
with all the twos
Grey vs. White Rami Communicantes Mnemonics
WhIte = On the Way In to the sympathetic trunk
GrEy = Exiting the sympathetic trunk
Anatomy Mnemonics for Horner’s Syndrome
"HORNy PAM"
-Ptosis (eyelid drooping)
-Anhidrosis (no sweating)
-Miosis (pupil constriction)
How to remember Cricoarytenoids: Abductor vs. Adductor
When aliens abduct you, they Probe you, so posterior cricoarytenoids abduct.
Lateral therefore is adduct by default.
Hyoid Bone Mnemonics:
Muscle Attachments "Christ, He Didn’t Screw Girls Much. That’s Obvious, Stu.pid!"
Note: The first sentence is for 6 muscles attaching superiorly, the second sentence is for 3 muscles attaching inferiorly. Both sentences are in order from lateral to medial
-Constricter (middle)
-Hyoglossus
-Digastric
-Stylohyoid
-Geniohyoid
-Myloyoid
-Thyrohyoid
-Omohyoid
-Sternohyoid
Inferior Vena Cava Tributaries Mnemonics
"I Like To Rise So High"
-Iliac vein (common)
-Lumbar vein
-Testicular vein (or Ovarian)
-Renal vein
-Suprarenal vein
-Hepatic vein
Internal Iliac Artery Anterior Branches Mnemonics
"Internal medicine – ouch! It’s infinitely underappreciated, underpaid, destitute."
-Inferior gluteal
-Middle rectal
-Obturator
-Inferior vesical artery
-Internal pudendal artery
-Umbilical
-U/D=Uterine artery (female)/ Deferential artery (male)
Internal Iliac Artery Posterior Branches Mnemonics
"PILS"
-Posterior branch:
-Iliolumbar
-Lateral sacral
-Superior gluteal
Internal Jugular Vein Tributaries Mnemonics
"Medical Schools Let Confident People In"
-Middle thyroid
-Superior thyroid
-Lingual
-Common facial
-Pharyngeal
-Inferior petrosal sinus
Internal Pudendal Branches Anatomy Mnemonics
"I Pee Pee But Don’t Dump!"
-Inferior rectal
-Posterior scrotal (or labial)
-Perineal
-Bulb
-Deep artery
-Dorsal artery
Anatomy Mnemonics for Cardiac valves: order in circuit
"TRI berore you BI":
Tricuspid valve is located in left heart and Bicuspid valve is
located in right heart. Blood flows through the tricuspid before
bicuspid.
Diaphragm apertures: spinal levels Aortic hiatus =
12 letters = T12
Oesophagus = 10 letters = T10
Vena cava = 8 letters = T8
Heart valves: order in circuit "First learn a Tricycle,
then learn a Bicycle":
Flow through Tricuspid first, then Bicuspid.
Lung lobes: one having lingula, lobe numbers Lingula
is on Left.
The lingula is like an atrophied lobe, so the left lung must have 2 "other"
lobes, and therefore right lung has 3 lobes.
Intrinsic Palmar Muscles of Hand
"All For One And One For All"
-Abductor pollicis longus
-Flexor pollicis brevis
-Opponens pollicis
-Adductor pollicis (transverse and oblique heads)
-Opponens digiti minimi
-Flexor digiti minimi
-Abductor digiti minimi
Inversion vs. Eversion Muscles in Leg Mnemonics
2nd letter rule
Eversion muscles (3 looks like "E" backwards)
– longus pEroneus
– brevis pEroneus
– tertius pEroneus
Inversion muscles (1 looks like "I")
-tIbialis anterior
Landmarks for Head/Neck Mnemonics
"Hot Tits, Chase Chicks"
-Hyoid bone: C3
-Thyroid cartilage: C4, C5
-Cricoid cartilage: C6
-Carotid Bifurcation (palpable at thyrohyoid interval)
Lateral Rotators of Hip
"Patched Goods Often Go On Quilts"
-Piriformis
-Gemellus (superior)
-Obturator Internus
-Gemellus (inferior)
-Obturator externus
-Quadratus femoris
Anatomy Mnemonics for Layers of Scalp
"SCALP"
-Skin
-Close connective Tissue
-Aponeurosis
-Loose connective Tissue ("Danger Zone")
-Pericranium (periostium)
Lower Limb Periph. Nerve Injury
"I DROP when I see Johnny DEP, but when I see Brad PIT, I just SHUFFLE away"
Foot Drop:
-Dorsiflexors impairment
-Evertors impairment
-Peroneal nerve damage
Shuffling Gait:
-Plantarflexion impairment
-Inversion impairment
-Tibial nerve lesion
Carpal Bones Anatomy Mnemonics
"Sally Likes To Play
The Tiny Chrome Harmonica":
· Proximal row lateral to medial:
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrium
Pisiform
· Distal row, lateral to medial:
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capate
Hamate
Thoracoacromial artery branches Mnemonics ABCD:
Acromial
Breast (pectoral)
Clavicular
Deltoid
Scrotum layers Mnemonics
"Some Days Eddie Can
Irritate People Very Thourougly":
Skin
Dartos layer
External spermatic fascia
Cremaster muscle
Internal spermatic fascia
Parietal tunica vaginalis
Visceral tunica vaginalis
Tunica albuginea
External carotid artery branches Mnemonics
"Sally Ate Lots Of Fresh Produce March Through September":
Superior thyroid
Ascending laryngeal
Lingual
Occipital (O before F is an extremely common variation)
Facial
Posterior auricular
Maxillary
Transverse facial
Superficial temporal
Ankle: anterior compartment of leg contents Mnemonics
"The Hamptons
Are Never Dull Parties":
· From medial malleolus:
Tibialis anterior tendon
(Extensor) Hallacus longus
Artery (anterior tibial)
Nerve (deep peroneal)
(Extensor) Digitorum
Peroneus tertius
Cricoarytenoids: abductor vs. adductor When aliens abduct
you, they Probe you.
Posterior cricoarytenoids abduct. Lateral therefore is adduct by
default.
Ansa cervicalis nerves Mnemonics
"GHost THought SOmeone
STu.pid SHot Irene":
Geniohyoid
Thyrohyoid
Superior Omohyoid
Sternothyroid
Sternohyoid
Inferior omohyoid
Bronchopulmonary segments of right lung Mnemonics
"A PALM Seed
Makes Another Little Palm":
· In order from superior to inferior:
Apical
Posterior
Anterior
Lateral
Medial
Superior
Medial basal
Anterior basal
Lateral basal
Posterior basal
Lower limb: muscles between upper legs Anatomy Mnemonics
"There’s a GAP
between upper legs when you sit without closing your knees":
Gastrocnemious
Adductors
Pectinious
Broad ligament: contents BROAD: Mnemonics
Bundle (ovarian neurovascular bundle)
Round ligament
Ovarian ligament
Artefacts (vestigial structures)
Duct (oviduct)
External jugular vein: tributaries PAST: Mnemonics
Posterior external jugular vein
Anterior jugular vein
Suprascapular vein
Transverse cervical vein
Diaphragm apertures: spinal levels Anatomy Mnemonics
"Voice Of America":
· In order from smallest to highest spinal number:
Vena cava: T8
Oesophagus: T10
Aorta: T12
· Note: Voice Of America (VOA) is a radio broadcast station.
Elbow joint: radius vs. ulna Mnemonics
ends CRA.zy TULips:
Capitalum = RAdius
Trochlear = ULnar
Serratus Anterior: nerve vs. blood LoNg thoracic:
Nerve
LAteral thoracic: Artery
Elbow joint: capitulum vs. trochlea CUTER:
Capitulum: Ulnar
Trochlea: Radial
Sperm: path through male reproductive system "My boyfriend’s
name is STEVE":
Seminiferous Tubules
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Ejaculatory duct
Popliteal fossa Anatomy Mnemonics
medial to lateral arrangment "Serve
And Volley Next Ball":
Semimembranosus/ Semitendonosus
Artery
Vein
Nerve
Biceps femoris
· Lateral and medial heads of Gastrocnemius are inferior borders.
Lumbar Plexus Anatomy Mnemonics
"Interested In Getting Laid On Fridays?"
-Iliohypogastric [L1]
-Ilioinguinal [L1]
-Genitofemoral [L1, L2]
-Lateral femoral cutaneous [L2, L3]
-Obturator [L2, L3, L4]
-Femoral [L2, L3, L4]
1 squared, 12, 23, 234 squared
Anatomy Mnemonics for Maxillary Artery Branches
"DAM I AM Piss Drunk But St.upid Drunk I Prefer, Must Phone Alcoholics Anonymous"
-Deep auricular
-Anterior tympanic
-Middle meningeal
-Inferior alveolar
-Accessory meningeal
-Masseteric
-Pterygoid
-Deep temporal
-Buccal, Sphenopalatine
-Descending palatine
-Infraorbital
-Posterior superior alveolar
-Middle superior alveolar
-Pharyngeal
-Anterior superior alveolar
-Artery of the pterygoid canal
Median Supply to Hand Mnemonics
"Median nerve innervates the LOAF muscles"
-Lumbricals
-Opponens Pollicis
-Abductor Pollicis Brevis
-Flexor Pollicis Brevis
Middle Meatus Structures Mnemonics
"HIM F.AM.E"
-Hiatus semilunaris
-Infundibulum
-Maxillary sinus
-Frontal sinus
-Anterior Ethmoidal sinus
-Middle Ethmoidal sinus
-Ethmoidal bulla
Middle Meningeal Anastomoses
"I Only Read Mysteries"
-Internal Carotid
-Ophthalmic
-Recurrent Meningeal
-Middle Meningeal
Misc. Innervations
L2, 3, 4
Makes the psoas get sore!
C3, 4, 5
Keeps the diaphragm (phrenic) alive!
S2, 3, 4
Keep the sh*t from hitting the floor!
Muscles Innervated by Radial Nerve
"Try A Big Chocolate Chip Sundae, Double Dip Cherries And Peanuts Preferably Included"
-Triceps
-Anconeus
-Brachioradialis
-(Ext.) Carpi radialis longus
-(Ext.) Carpi radialis brevis
-Supinator
-(Ext.) Digitorum
-(Ext.) Digiti minimi
-(Ext.) Carpi ulnaris
-Abductor poll. longus
-(Ext.) Poll. brevis
-(Ext.) Poll. longus
-(Ext.) Indicis
*For the neighboring words that start with the same letter (eg: chocolate and chip), notice that the longer word in the mnemonic, corresponds to the longer of the two muscle names (ex: ext. carpi radialis longus and ext. carpi radialis brevis)
Nasal Cavity Components
"Never Call Me Needle Nose!"
-Nares [external]
-Conchae
-Meatuses
-Nares [internal]
-Nasopharynx
Nerves endangered by Parotid Gland Surgery
"FARE"
-Facial
-Auriculotemporal
-Retromandibular vein
-External carotid artery
Nervous Innervation of Cranial Nerves
"Some say money matters, but my brother says big boobs matter more"
S=Sensory
M=Motor
B=Both
Orbit: Bones of Medial Wall
"My Little Eye Sits in the orbit"
-Maxilla (frontal process)
-Lacrimal
-Ethmoid
-Sphenoid (body)
Perineal Body Mnemonics
"BLESS’D"
-Bulbospongiosus
-Levator ani
-External anal sphincter
-Superficial transverse perinei
-Sphincter urethra
-Deep transverse perinei
Muscles of the POSTERIOR compartment of LEG Mnemonics
"Go Pee Sam – Till Fanny Hurts Long, Fanny Drops
Long & POPs"
SUPERFICIAL GROUP:
•Gastrocnemius
•Plantaris
•Soleus
DEEP GROUP:
•Tibialis posterior
•Flexor Hallucis Longus
•Flexor Digitorum Longus
•POPliteus
Pterygoid Muscles
"La"
your jaw is now open, so lateral opens mouth
"Me"
your jaw is still closed, so medial closes the mouth
Relationship of Thoracic Duct to Esophagous and Azygous
"The duck is between two gooses."
AzyGOUS (right) and EsophaGUS (left)
Retroperitoneal Structures in Abdomen
"SAD PUCKER"
-Suprarenal glands
-Aorta & IVC
-Duodenum (2nd and 3rd segments)
-Pancreas
-Ureters
-Colon (ascending & descending)
-Kidneys
-Esophagus (anterior & left covered)
-Rectum
112 212 111
(Primarily or secondarily)
Rinne Test
"NO BS!!!"
Nerve = opposite side damage
Bone = same side damage
Scalp Nerve Supply
"GGLASS"
-Greater occipital
-Greater auricular
-Lesser occipital
-Auriculotemporal
-Supratrochlear
-Supraorbital
Sciatic Foramen Structures
"PIN & PINS"
-Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
-Inferior gluteal vessels and nerves
-Nerve to quadratus femoris
-Pudendal nerve
-Internal pudendal vessels
-Nerve to obturator internus
-Sciatic nerve
Scrotum Layers
"Some Days Eddie Can Irritate People Very Thoroughly"
-Skin
-Dartos layer
-External spermatic fascia
-Cremaster muscle
-Internal spermatic fascia
-Parietal tunica vaginalis
-Visceral tunica vaginalis
-Tunica albuginea
Spermatic Cord Contents
"Players Don’t Contribute To A Good Sex Life"
-Pampiniform Plexus
-Ductus Deferens
-Cremasteric Artery
-Testicular Artery
-Artery of the Ductus Deferens
-Genitofemoral Nerve
-Sympathetic Nerve Fibers
-Lymphatic vessels
Suprascapular Artery and Nerve
Army over Navy
Artery goes over the nerve
Tarsal Bones
"Come try nice mozzarella in Lake Como."
(clockwise if left foot)
-Calcaneus
-Talus
-Navicular
-Medial cuneiform
-Intermediate cuneiform
-Lateral cuneiform
-Cuboid
(Not included: metatarsals, phalanges – toes)
Tendons, Medial Malleolus (Ant to Post)
"Tom, Dick, And Very Nervous Harry"
-Tibian tendon
-(Flexor) Digitorum
-Artery (Posterior Tibial)
-Vein (Posterior Tibial)
-Nerve (Tibial)
-(Flexor) Hallucis
OR
"Tiny Dogs Are Not Hunters"
-Tibialis posterior muscle
-(Flexor) Digitorum longus muscle
-Artery (Posterior Tibial)
-Nerve (Tibial)
-(Flexor) Hallucis longus muscle
Thoracoacromial Artery Branches
"CA Police Department"
-Clavicular
-Acromial
-Pectoral
-Deltoid
Tibia: Muscles of Pes Anserinus (Medial Side)
"A Girl between Two Sargeants"
Gracilus is between Sartorius and Semitendonosus
Trigeminal Nerve: where Branches exit Skull
"Standing Room Only"
-Superior Orbital Fissure
-Foramen Rotundum
-Foramen Ovale
Types of Tonsils
"PPL"
People have different types:
-palatine
-pharyngeal
-laryngeal
Ulnar Palsy
"BCDEF of Music"
-Book test
-Card test
-ADductor pollicis paralysed
-Egawa test
-Froment’s sign
-Musicians nerve
V3 innervated Muscles
"My A$$ Temporarily Meets The Toilet"
-Mylohyoid
-Anterior digastric
-Mastication
-Tensor veli palatini (also opens Eust. tube)
-Tensor tympani
V3: Sensory Branches
"BAIL"
-Buccal (long)
-Auriculotemporal=formed by 2 roots surrounding middle meningeal that’s approaching foramen spinosum
-Inf. alveolar=branches into nerve to mylohyoid(going to floor of mouth) and mental out of mental foramen
-Lingual=chorda tympani from CNVII joins lingual in infratemporal fossa carrying preganglionic parasympathetics to submandibular ganglion where postganglionic fibers travel via terminal branches of the lingual nerve to the SUBMANDIBULAR and SUBLINGUAL salivary glands
Vasculature on the Back of Neck
"ANNA"
From either direction, occipital Artery, greater occipital Nerve, greater occipital Nerve, occipital Artery"
Which is bigger- Tib or Fib?
"Little fib"
Fibula is smaller
Femoral artery: Branches
"Put My Leg Down Please"
•Profunda femoris
•Medial circumferential femoral artery
•Lateral circumferential femoral artery
•Descending genicular artery
•Perforating artery
Tarsal tunnel: Structures passing through
"Tiny Dogs Are Not Hunters"
•Tibialis posterior
•flexor Digitorum longus
•Posterior tibial artery
•Tibial nerve
•flexor Hallucis longus
4 Ab Muscles
"TIRE"
-Transversus
-Internal oblique
-Rectus abdominus
-External oblique
Abdominal Aorta Branches (Descending)
"Prostit.utes Cause Sagging Swollen Red Testicles [in men] Living In Sin"
-Phrenic [inferior]
-Celiac
-Superior mesenteric
-Suprarenal [middle]
-Renal
-Testicular ["in men" only]
-Lumbars
-Inferior mesenteric
-Sacral
Abductors vs. Adductors in Hand
"Dab the Pad"
Dorsal = abduct
Palmar = adduct
Adductor Magnus Innervation
"AM SO!"
Adductor Magnus innervated by Sciatic and Obturator nerves
Adductor Muscles of the Hip
"AAA, Pretty Good!"
-Adductor magnus
-Adductor longus
-Adductor brevis
-Pectineus
-Gracilis
Anterior Comp’t Leg
"TEA DEPt."
-Tibialis anterior
-Extensor hallucis longus
-Anterior tibial artery
-Deep peroneal nerve
-Extensor digitorum longus
-Peroneus tertius
Anterior Forearm Muscles: Superficial
"Pass/Fail, Pass/Fail…. Fail"
-Pronator teres
-Flexor carpi radialis
-Palmaris longus
-Flexor carpi ulnaris
-Flexor digitorum superficialis
Aortic Arch Branch Order
Just know your "ABC’S"
-Aortic arch
-Brachiocephalic trunk
-Common carotid
-Subclavian
Atrioventricular valves
"LAB RAT"
Left atrium – bicuspid
Right atrium – tricuspid
Axillary Artery Branches
"Screw The Lawyer, Save A Patient"
-Superior thoracic
-Thoracoacromial
-Lateral thoracic
-Subscapular
-Anterior circumflex humeral
-Posterior circumflex humeral
.Muscles of MEDIAL compartment of the THIGH
" G.P. ADDs a Bloody Lot of Margarine " – make their
inner thighs flabby
•Gracilis
•Pectineus
•ADDUCTORS – Brevis, Longus, Magnus
Origin: All arise from Pubis, except Pectineus = Pubic
crest
Insertion: All are inserted to Femur, except Gracilis =
Tibia
Muscles of the LATERAL compartment of LEG
" Fly Long Superficial Fly Boy"
•Fibularis Longus
•Superficial fibular nerve = innervation for both
•Fibularis Brevis
6.Femoral triangle: Boundaries
"Femoral triangle is shaped like a SAIL":
•Sartorius
•Aductor longus
•Inguinal Ligament
Tarsal bones
"Tall Californian Navy Medcial Interns Lay Cuties" or
"Tiger Cubs Need MILC"
In order (right foot, superior to inferior, medial to
lateral):
•Talus
•Calcaneus
•Navicular
•Medial cuneiform
•Intermediate cuneiform
•Lateral cuneifrom
•Cuboid
Alternatively "Tiger Cubs Need MILC":
.Inversion and Eversion muscles of leg
Think: Inversion and Eversion muscles of leg follow
the "Second letter rule".
Eversion muscles:
•pEroneus longus
•pEroneus brevis
•pEroneus terius
Inversion muscles:
•tIbialis anterior
•tIbialis posterior
Anterior compartment of leg: Structures
" TEA DEPt. "
•Tibialis anterior
•Extensor hallucis longus
•Anterior tibial artery
•Deep peroneal nerve
•Extensor digitorum longus
•Peroneus tertius
Popliteal fossa: medial to lateral arrangement
"Serve And Volley Next Ball":
•Semimembranosus/ Semitendonosus
•Artery
•Vein
•Nerve
•Biceps femoris
•Lateral and medial heads of Gastrocnemius are
inferior borders
Carpal bones "Some Lovers Try Positions
That They Can’t Handle":
· Proximal row then distal row, both lateral-to-medial:
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrium
Pisiform
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capate
Hamate
· Alternatively: "Scared Lovers…"
· Alternatively: "Senior Lecturers…".
Extrinsic muscles of tongue [for pro soccer fans] "Paris
St. Germain’s Hour":
Palatoglossus
Styloglossus
Genioglossus
Hyoglossus
· PSG is a French soccer team (foreign), hence extrinsic comes to mind.
Autonomics to the gut "The PARAsympathetics follow a
rule of TWO" [pair = two]:
· The vagus does the top, the sacral splanchnics the outflow tract.
"The sympathetics follow a rule of threes":
· Greater, lesser, least splanchnic nerves go to the celiac,superior and
inferior mesenteric ganglion.
External carotid artery branches "Some Angry
Lady Figured Out PMS":
Superior thyroid
Ascending pharyngeal
Lingual
Facial
Occipital
Posterior auricular
Maxillary
Superificial temporal
Descending abdominal aorta: seven divisions "Sometimes
Intestines Get Really Stretched Causing Leakage":
Suprarenals [paired]
Inferior mesenteric
Gonadal [paired]
Renals [paired]
Superior mesenteric
Celiac
Lumbar [paired]
Vagus nerve: path into thorax "I Left my Aunt
in Vegas":
Left Vagus nerve goes Anterior descending into the thorax.
Carpal bones "Happy Cat Tom Took
Pie To Little Sister":
Hamate
Capitate
Trapezoid
Trapezium
Pisiform
Triquital
Lunate
Scaphoid
Brachial plexus: branches of posterior cord STAR:
Subscapular [upper and lower]
Thoracodorsal
Axillary
Radial
Saphenous veins: path of great vs. small at malleolus "MAGdelaine
has varicose veins" [The saphenous veins are important for varicose veins]:
Medial maleolus, Anterior to maleolus, and Great saphenous
go together.
Then the opposites of these go together: Small saphenous is posterior
to the lateral maleolus.
Menisci attachments in knee "Each meniscus has something
attached to it":
The medial meniscus has the medial collateral ligament.
The lateral meniscus is attached to the popliteal muscle.
Spermatic cord contents "3 arteries, 3 nerves,
3 other things":
3 arteries: testicular, ductus deferens, cremasteric.
3 nerves: genital branch of the genitofemoral, cremasteric, autonomics.
3 other things: ductus deferens, pampiniform plexus, lymphatics.
· Note some argument about this: Moore doesn’t put in cremasteric nerve, Lumley
puts in inguinal…
Adductor magnus innervation "AM SO!":
Adductor Magnus innervated by Sciatic and Obturator.
Scalp layers SCALP:
· From superficial to deep:
Skin
Connective tissue
Aponeurosis
Loose areolar tissue
Pericranium
Lumbar plexus roots "2 from 1, 2 from 2, 2
from 3":
2 nerves from 1 root: Ilioinguinal (L1), Iliohypogastric (L1).
2 nerves from 2 roots: Genitofemoral (L1,L2), Lateral Femoral
(L2,L3).
2 nerves from 3 roots: Obturator (L2,L3,L4), Femoral (L2,L3,L4).
Female pelvic organs’ blood supply "3 organs, each
get 2 blood supplies":
Uterus: uterine, vaginal.
Rectum: middle rectal, inferior rectal [inferior rectal is the end of pudendal].
Bladder: superior vesical, inferior vesical.
Cervical plexus: arrangement of the important nerves "GLAST":
· 4 compass points: clockwise from north on the right side of neck:
Great auricular
Lesser occipital
Accessory nerve pops out between L and S
Supraclavicular
Transverse cervical
Liver: side with ligamentum venosum/ caudate lobe vs. side with
quadrate lobe/ ligamentum teres "VC goes with VC":
The Venosum and Caudate is on same side as Vena Cava
[posterior]. Therefore, quadrate and teres must be on anterior by default.
Joints in the midline "SC":
In medial line, below Second Cervical, joints are Secondary
Cartilaginous and usually have a diSC.
· Notes: secondary cartilaginous is also known as symphysis. The one that
doesn’t have a disc is xiphi-sternal.
Anterior forearm muscles: superficial group There are five,
like five digits of your hand.
Place your thumb into your palm, then lay that hand palm down on your other arm,
as shown in diagram.
Your 4 fingers now show distribution: spells PFPF [pass/fail, pass/fail]:
Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Your thumb below your 4 fingers shows the muscle which is deep to the other
four: Flexor digitorum superficialis.
Median and ulnar nerves: common features Each supply 1/2 of
flexor digitorum profundus.
Each supplies 2 lumbricals.
Each has a palmar cutaneous nerve that pops off prematurely.
Each supplies an eminence group of muscles [ulnar: hypothenar. median: thenar].
Each enters forearm through two heads [ulnar: heads of flexor carpi ulnaris.
median: heads of pronator teres].
Each has no branches in upper arm.
Each makes two fingers claw when cut at wrist.
Each supplies a palmaris [median: palmaris longus. ulnar: palmaris brevis].
Thyroids: relative sizes Thyroid looks like a bra (see
picture).
Breasts are bigger in women, so thyroid bigger in women.
Pregnant women have biggest breasts of all, so they have the biggest thyroids.
Superior thyroid artery branches "May I Softly
Squeeze Charlie’s Girl?":
Muscular
Infrahyoid
Superior laryngeal
Sternomastoid
Cricothyroid
Glandular
Abdominal muscles "Spare TIRE around their abdomen":
Transversus abdominis
Internal abdominal oblique
Rectus abdominis
External abdominal oblique
Perineal vs. peroneal Perineal is in between
the legs.
Peroneal is on the leg.
Cranial bones "PEST OF 6":
Parietal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Temporal
Occipital
Frontal
· The 6 just reminds that there’s 6 of them to remember.
Deep tendon reflexes: root supply "1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8":
S1-2: ankle
L3-4: knee
C5-6: biceps, supinator
C7-8: triceps
L4 landmark: 2 items "B4U" [before you]:
Bifurcation of aorta
L4
Umbilicus
Bowel components "Dow Jones Industrial
Average Closing Stock Report":
· From proximal to distal:
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Appendix
Colon
Sigmoid
Rectum
· Alternatively: to include the cecum, "Dow Jones Industrial
Climbing Average Closing Stock Report".
Lung lobes: segments of right middle lobe "ML=ML":
Segments of Middle Lobe are Medial & Lateral.
Posterior mediastinum: contents DATES Mnemonics :
Descending aorta
Azygos and hemiazygous veins
Thoracic duct
Esophagus
Sympathetic trunk/ganglia
Nasal cavity components Mnemonics
"Never Call Me Needle Nose!":
Nares [external]
Conchae
Meatuses
Nares [internal]
Nasopharynx
· Note mnemonic sentence is nasally-related.
Bones of the Wrist
"Some Lovers Try Positions That They Cannot Handle"
-Scaphoid
-Lunate
-Triquetrum
-Pisiform
-Trapezium
-Trapezoid
-Capitate
-Hamate
*Remember, the "trapezi-UM" is under the "thUMb."
*Scaphocephaly is when your head is too long, so this is the longest
*Capital "caps" off (top middle)
Plantarflexion vs. dorsiflexion Plantar flexion
occurs when you squish a Plant with your foot.
Thyroid: isthmus location "Rings 2,3,4 make the
isthmus floor":
Isthmus overlies tracheal rings 2,3,4
Thoracic duct: which half of upper body does it drain Know
drains all of lower body, but was it the right or the left part of the upper
body?
Answer: its Lymph from the Left of the upper body.
Soleus vs. gastrocnemius muscle function "Stand on
your Soles. Explosive gas":
You stand on soles of your shoes, so Soleus is for posture.
Gasoline is explosive, so Gastrocnemius is for explosive movement.
Inversion vs. eversion muscles in leg Second letter rule for
inversion/eversion:
· Eversion muscles:
pErineus longus
pErineus brevis
pErineus terius
· Inversion muscles:
tIbialis anterior
tIbialis posterior
Liver inferior markings showing right/left lobe vs. vascular
divisions There’s a Hepatic "H" on inferior of liver. One
vertical stick of the H is the dividing line for anatomical right/left lobe and
the other vertical stick is the divider for vascular halves. Stick that divides
the liver into vascular halves is the one with vena cava impression (since vena
cava carries blood, it’s fortunate that it’s the divider for blood halves).
Supination vs. pronation: which is more powerful Screws were
designed to be tightened well by majority of people.
"Righty tighty": to tighten screws you turn to the right.
Majority of people are right-handed.
Turning right-hand to the right is supination.
Pleura surface markings "All the even ribs, in order:
2,4,6,8,10,12 show its route":
Rib2: sharp angle inferiorly
Rib4: the left pleura does a lateral shift to accommodate heart
Rib6: both diverge laterally
Rib8: midclavicular line
Rib10: midaxillary line
Rib12: the back
Palmaris longus: location, relative to wrist nerves "The
Palmaris between two Palmars":
Palmaris longus is between the Palmar cutaneous branch of Ulnar
nerve and Palmar cutaneous branch of Median nerve.
Carpal tunnel syndrome causes MEDIAN TRAP:
Myxoedema
Edema premenstrually
Diabetes
Idiopathic
Agromegaly
Neoplasm
Trauma
Rheumatoid arthritis
Amyloidosis
Pregnancy
· Mnemonic fits nicely since median nerve is trapped.
Pectoral nerves: path of lateral vs. medial "Lateral
Less, Medial More":
Lateral pectoral nerve only goes through Pectoralis major, but
Medial pectoral nerve goes though both Pectoralis major and minor.
Wrist: radial side vs. ulnar side Make a fist with your
thumb up in the air and say "Rad!".
Your thumb is now pointing to your Radius.
· Note: ‘Rad!’ was a late 80’s catchphrase, short for ‘Radical’. Things that
were good were called ‘Rad’.
Median nerve: recognizing it in an opened axilla The Median
nerve is the Middle of a giant capital "M" formed by the
musculocutaneous and ulnar nerves.
Carpal bone having the hook The Hamate has the Hook.
Flexor digitorum muscles: how they insert onto fingers · A
little rhyme:
Superficialis Splits in two,
To Permit Profundus Passing through.
Sympathetic vs. Parasympathetic Sympathetic: "Fight or
Flight"
Parasympathetic: "Sex, Sandwiches and Sleep"
Tarsal bones of ankle "Tiger Cubs Need
MILC":
Superior, then clockwise on right foot:
Talus
Calcaneus
Navicular
Medial cuneiform
Intermediate cuneiform
Lateral cuneiform
Cuboid
Rheumatic fever: Jones 5 major criteria SPACE:
Subcutaneous nodules
Pancarditis
Arthritis
Chorea
Erythema Marginatum
Intrinsic muscles of hand (palmar surface) Mnemonics
"All For
One And One For All":
· Thenar:
Abductor pollicis longus
Flexor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis
Adductor pollicis.
· Hypothenar:
Opponens digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi
Abductor digiti minimi
Bifurcation vertebral landmarks Mnemonics
- A bifurcation occurs on
4th level of each vertebral column:
C4: bifurcation of common carotid artery
T4: bifurcation of trachea
L4: bifurcation of aorta
Femoral triangle: boundaries Mnemonics
"Femoral triangle is shaped
like a SAIL":
Sartorius
Aductor longus
Inguinal Ligament
Lingula location
LingULa = Left Upper
Lobe
Grey vs. white rami communicantes
WhIte = On
the Way In to the sympathetic trunk
GrEy = Exiting the sympathetic trunk
Muscles of respiration
"Don’t Exercise In
Quicksand":
Diaprahm
External intercostals
Internal intercostals
Quadratus
Sacral plexus: posterior components
"Common Gluttons
For Punishment":
Common fibular
Gluteals (superior and inferior)
Femoral cutaneous (Posterior)
Piriformis nerve
Cervical vertebra: landmarks at each level
"NoaH
Told MariaH To Try Cervical Counting":
Nose (base), Hard palate: C1
Teeth: C2
Mandible, Hyoid bone: C3
Thyroid cartilage (upper): C4
Thyroid cartilage (lower): C5
Cricoid cartilage: C6
Cricoid cartilage (just below): C7
Deltoid: proximal attachments
Deltoid CLASPs:
Clavicle, Acromion and Spine of the scapula.
Musculocutaneous nerve: muscles supplied BBC:
Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Coracobrachialis
Pharynx vs. larynx
Eat Phood with your Pharynx.
Sing La La La with your Larynx
Supination vs. pronation
Supination: palm to the Sun
Pronation: palm to the Plants.
Skull bones "STEP OF 6 "
· The 6 skull bones are:
Sphenoid
Temporal
Ethmoid
Parietal
Occipital
Frontal
· Alternatively: "STEP OFf my skull".
Balance organs: relative position of saccule vs. utricle
"Your SAC is below U":
Saccule is below the Utricle.
· Note: "sac" is slang for male genitalia, and it thus down "below".
Hand: nerve lesions DR CUMA:
Drop=Radial nerve
Claw=Ulnar nerve
Median nerve=Ape hand (or Apostol [preacher] hand)
Branches of Internal Iliac Artery
"I Love Going
Places In My Very Own Underwear":
Ileolumbar
Lateral sacral
Gluteal (superior and inferior)
Pudendal (internal)
Inferior vesicle (uterine in females)
Middle rectal
Vaginal
Obturator
Umbilical
Wrist: radial side vs. ulnar side
"I cut off my thumb
with a radial saw!":
The radius is on the thumb side of the arm.
Ulnar nerve to ulnar artery and radial nerve to radial artery
relations Think "peripheral nerves":
The ulnar nerve is "ulnar" to the ulnar artery.
Radial nerve is "radial" to the radial artery.
Superior orbital fissure: Structures passing through
‘Live Frankly To See Absolutely No Insult’
Dermatome C6 location Stick arm out like crucifixion
stance. Curl your thumb and forefinger into an "OK" symbol while keeping
your other fingers straight.
Your hand should now look like a 6 shape.
So C6 dermatome is your thumb and top of arm (reason for
crucifix stance).
Brachioradialis: function, innervation, one relation, one attachment
BrachioRadialis:
Function: Its the Beer Raising muscle, flexes elbow, strongest
when wrist is oriented like holding a beer.
Innervation: Breaks Rule: it’s a flexor muscle, But Radial.
(Radial nerve usually is for extensors: Recall BEST rule: B was for
brachioradialis).
Important relation: Behind it is the Radial nerve in the cubital
fossa.
Attachment: Attaches to Bottom of Radius.
Diaphram aperatures: spinal levels "Come Enter
the Abdomen:
Vena Cava [8]
Esophagus [10]
Aorta [12]
Extensor expansion location in the hand The eXtensor
eXpansion is on the proXimal phalynX.
Leino- definition "Leino" rhymes with "spleen-o":
Therefore leino- means something to do with the spleen.
Kidney hilums at transpyloric plane [L1] L-1 goes
through hilum of only 1 kidney, and it’s the Left one.
Lung lobe numbers: right vs. left Tricuspid heart
valve and tri-lobed lung both on the right side.
Bicuspid and bi-lobed lung both on the left side.
Vertebrae: recognizing a thoracic from lumbar Examine
vertebral body shape:
Thoracic is heart-shaped body since your heart is in your
thorax.
Lumbar is kidney-bean shaped since kidneys are in lumbar
area.
Navicular contacts 3 of 5 cuneiform bones "Navicular
is like the Navigator logo":
There are 3 things coming off each.
· See diagram.
Therefore, cuboid has to contact 2 of the 5.
Rotator cuff muscles "The SITS muscles":
· Clockwise from top:
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis
· A pro baseball pitcher has injured his rotator cuff muscles. As a result, he
SITS out for the rest of the game, and then gets sent to the minor
leagues.
Median nerve: hand muscles innervated "The LOAF
muscles":
Lumbricals 1 and 2
Opponens pollicis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
· Alternatively: LLOAF, with 2 L’s, to recall there’s 2 lumbricals.
· To remember that these are the Median nerve muscles, think "Meat
LOAF".
Trigeminal nerve: where branches exit skull "Standing
Room Only":
Superior orbital fissure is V1
foramen Rotundum is V2
foramen Ovale is V3
Tonsils: The three types "PPL (people) have tonsils":
Pharyngeal
Palatine
Lingual
Cubital fossa contents "N-MAN":
· From lateral to medial:
Nerve
Muscle
Artery
Nerve
· Specifics are radial Nerve, biceps Muscle tendon, brachial Artery, median
Nerve.
Spleen: dimensions, weight, surface anatomy "1,3,5,7,9,11":
Spleen dimensions are 1 inch x 3 inches x 5 inches.
Weight is 7 ounces.
It underlies ribs 9 through 11.
Ureter to ovarian/testicular artery relation "Water under
the bridge":
The ureters (which carry water), are posterior to the
ovarian/testicular artery.
· Clinically important, since a common surgical error is to cut ureter instead
of ovarian artery when removing uterus.
Oblique muscles: direction of externals vs. internals "Hands
in your pockets":
When put hands in your pockets, fingers now lie on top of external obliques and
fingers point their direction of fibers: down and towards midline.
· Note: "oblique" tells that must be going at an angle.
· Internal obliques are at right angles to external.
Duodenum: lengths of parts "Counting 1 to 4 but
staggered":
1st part: 2 inches
2nd part: 3 inches
3rd part: 4 inches
4th part: 1 inch
Hip posterior dislocation: most likely arrangement for one
"Hitting the brake pedal before the accident":
You are sitting, so hip is flexed, and adducted and medially
rotated so can move your foot away from the gas pedal over to the brake
pedal.
· Note: car accidents are most likely cause of posterior dislocation because in
this position.
Buttock quadrant safest for needle insertion "Shut up
and butt out":
The Upper Outer quadrant of the Buttock safely avoids
hitting sciatic nerve.
Radial nerve: muscles supplied (simplified) "BEST
muscles":
Brachioradialis
Extensors
Supinator
Triceps
Rib costal groove: order of intercostal blood vessels and nerve
VAN:
· From superior to inferior:
Vein
Artery
Nerve
Brachial plexus subunits "Randy Travis Drinks
Cold Beer":
Roots
Trunks
Divisions
Cords
Branches
· Alternatively: "Read The Damn Cadaver Book!"
· Alternatively: "Real Texans Drink Coors Beer".
Diaphragm innervation "3, 4, 5 keeps the diaphragm
alive":
Diaphragm innervation is cervical roots 3, 4, and 5.
Serratus anterior: innervation and action "C5-6-7
raise your wings up to heaven":
C567 injury causes inability to raise arm past 90 degrees up to
heaven, and results in a winging of the scapula.
· Long thoracic nerve roots (567) innervate Serratus anterior.
Thoracic duct: relation to azygous vein and esophagus "The
duck between 2 gooses":
Thoracic duct (duck) is between 2 gooses, azygous and esophagus.
Bicipital groove: attachments of muscles near it "The
lady between two majors":
Teres major attaches to medial lip of groove.
Pectoralis major to lateral lip of groove.
Latissimus (Lady) is on floor of groove, between the 2 majors.
Aortic arch: major branch order "Know your ABC’S":
Aortic arch gives rise to:
Brachiocephalic trunk
left Common Carotid
left Subclavian
· Beware though trick question of ‘What is first branch of aorta?’ Technically,
it’s the coronary arteries.
Supine vs. prone body position Know SUPination is
your hand while carrying a bowl of SOUP. Your face follows where your
palm is facing [i.e. up]. Put a handpuppet on your hand while hand is in
supination and the puppet will be the supine position.
Bowel Components
"Dow Jones Industrial Average Closing Stock Report"
-Duodenum
-Jejunum
-Ileum
-Appendix
-Colon
-Sigmoid
-Rectum
Brachial Plexus
"Real Texans Drink Cold beer"
-Roots
-Trunks
-Divisions
-Cords
-Branches
Brachial Plexus Branches
"My Aunt Raped My Uncle"
-Musculocutaneous
-Axillary
-Radial
-Median
-Ulnar
Brachial Plexus Lateral Cord
"Love Me Lucy"
-Lateral root of median nerve
-Musculocutaneous nerve
-Lateral pectoral nerve
Brachial Plexus Medial Cord
"Please, CA, Come Fold My Underwear"
-Medial branch of
- Pectoral nerve
2.Cutaneous nerve of Arm
3.Cutaneous nerve of Forearm
4.median nerve and
-Ulnar nerve
Branches for the Post. Cord of Brach Plexus
"ULNAR"
-Upper subscapular nerve
-Lower subscapular nerve
-Nerve to latissimus dorsi (thoracodorsal nerve)
-Axillary nerve
-Radial nerve
Carpal bones: trapezium vs. trapezoid location · Since
there’s two T’s in carpal bone mnemonic sentences, need to know which T is
where:
TrapeziUM is by the thUMB, TrapeziOID is inSIDE.
· Alternatively, TrapeziUM is by the thUMB, TrapezOID is by
its SIDE.
Lumbricals action Lumbrical action is to hold a pea, that is
to flex the metacarpophalangeal joint and extend the interphalangeal joints.
When look at hand in this position, can see this makes an "L" shape, since L
is for Lumbrical.
Elbow: which side has common flexor origin FM (as in
FM Radio):
Flexor Medial, so Common Flexor Origin is on the medial side.
Medial malleolus: order of tendons, artery, nerve behind it
"Tom, Dick, And Nervous Harry":
· From anterior to posterior:
Tibialis
Digitorum
Artery
Nerve
Hallicus
· Full names for these are: Tibialis Posterior, Flexor Digitorum Longus,
Posterior Tibial Artery, Posterior Tibial Nerve, Flexor Hallicus Longus.
· Alternatively: "Tom, Dick ANd Harry".
· Alternatively: "Tom, Dick And Not Harry".
Tibia vs. fibula: which is lateral The FibuLA is
LAteral.
Popliteal fossa: muscles arrangement The two Semi’s go
together, Semimembranosus and Semitendonosus.
The Membranosus is Medial and since the two semis go together,
Semitendonosus is also medial.
Therefore, Biceps Femoris has to be lateral.
Of the semi’s, to remember which one is superficial: the Tendonosus is on
Top.
Femoral triangle: arrangement of contents NAVEL:
· From lateral hip towards medial navel:
Nerve (directly behind sheath)
Artery (within sheath)
Vein (within sheath)
Empty space (between vein and lymph)
Lymphatics (with deep inguinal node)
· Nerve/Artery/Vein are all called Femoral.
Horner’s syndrome: components
"HORNy PAM"
· Horner’s is:
Ptosis
Anhidrosis
Miosis
· Extra details with HORNY PAMELa:
Ptosis
Anhidrosis
Miosis
Enophthalmos
Loss of ciliospinal reflex
Mediastinums: posterior mediastinum structures
There are 4
birds:
The esophaGOOSE (esophagus)
The vaGOOSE nerve
The azyGOOSE vein
The thoracic DUCK (duct)
Thigh: innervation by compartment "MAP OF Sciatic":
Medial compartment: Obturator
Anterior compartment: Femoral
Posterior compartment: Sciatic
· So all the thigh muscles in that compartment get innervated by that nerve.
Femoral artery deep branches "Put My Leg
Down Please":
Profundus femoris (deep femoral artery)
Medial circumflex femoral artery
Lateral circumflex femoral artery
Descending genicular arteries
Perforating arteries
Carpal bones (multangular names) "Never Lower
Tillie’s Pants. Mother May Come Home.":
Navicular
Lunate
Triquetrium
Pisiform
greater Multangular (trapezium)
lesser Multangular (trapezoid)
Capitate
Hamate
External carotid artery branches "Suzy Always
Lays Flat On Pillows Making Sex Terrific":
Superior thyroid
Ascending pharyngeal
Lingual
Facial
Occipital
Posterior auricular
Maxillary
Superificial Temporal
Coelic trunk: branches Left Hand Side (LHS):
Left gastric artery
Hepatic artery
Splenic artery
Biceps brachii muscle: origins "You walk shorter to a
street corner. You ride longer on a superhighway.":
· Short head originates from coracoid process.
· Long head originates from the supraglenoid cavity.
Heart valve sequence "Try Pulling My Aorta":
Tricuspid
Pulmonary
Mitral
Aorta
Bell’s palsy: symptoms BELL’S Palsy:
Blink reflex abnormal
Earache
Lacrimation [deficient, excess]
Loss of taste
Sudden onset
Palsy of VII nerve muscles
· All symptoms are unilateral.
Superior mediastinum: contents PVT Left BATTLE:
Phrenic nerve
Vagus nerve
Thoracic duct
Left recurrent laryngeal nerve (not the right)
Brachiocephalic veins
Aortic arch (and its 3 branches)
Thymus
Trachea
Lymph nodes
Esophagus
Inguinal canal: walls "MALT: 2M, 2A, 2L,
2T":
· Starting from superior, moving around in order to posterior:
Superior wall (roof): 2 Muscles:
· internal oblique Muscle
· transverse abdominus Muscle
Anterior wall: 2 Aponeuroses:
· Aponeurosis of external oblique
· Aponeurosis of internal oblique
Lower wall (floor): 2 Ligaments:
· inguinal Ligament
· lacunar Ligament
Posterior wall: 2Ts:
· Transversalis fascia
· conjoint Tendon
Scalp: nerve supply GLASS:
Greater occipital/ Greater auricular
Lesser occipital
Auriculotemporal
Supratrochlear
Supraorbital
Tarsal bones "Tall Californian Navy
Medcial Interns Lay Cuties":
· In order (right foot, superior to inferior, medial to lateral):
Talus
Calcanous
Navicular
Medial cuneiform
Intermediate cuneiform
Lateral cuneifrom
Cuboid
Eye rotation by oblique muscles "I Love S&M":
Inferior oblique: Lateral eye rotation.
Superior oblique: Medial eye rotation.
External carotid artery branches "She Lay Flaccid
As Olaf’s Penis Slipped In":
· From caudal to cephalad:
Superior thyroid
Lingual
Facial
Ascending pharyngeal
Occipital
Posterior auricular
Superficial temporal
(Internal) maxillary
Brachial artery is medial to biceps tendon "BAMBI":
Brachial Artery is Medial to Biceps In elbow.
Retroperitoneal organs (major)
"AC/DC Rocker
Kids Party Down":
Ascending Colon
Descending Colon
Rectum
Kidneys
Pancreas
Duodenum
Ossification ages "Every Potential Anatomist
Should Know When"
· When they ossify, in order of increasing year:
Elbow: 16 years
Pelvis, Ankle: 17 years
Shoulder, Knee: 18 years
Wrist: 19 years
Foramen ovale contents OVALE:
Otic ganglion (just inferior)
V3 cranial nerve
Accessory meningeal artery
Lesser petrosal nerve
Emissary veins
Carpal bones "Sally Lowers Tim’s Pants,
Then Things Can Happen":
· Proximal row lateral to medial:
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrium
Pisiform
· Distal row, lateral to medial:
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capate
Hamate
Thoracoacromial trunk: branches
"Cadavers Are
Dead People":
Clavicular
Acromial
Deltoid
Pectoral
Pes anserinus: component tendons
"Some God*amned
Tendon":
· From medial to lateral:
Sartorius
Gracilis
Semitendinosus
Carpal bones "Simply Learn The Parts
That The Carpus Has":
Proximal row first, then distal row:
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrium
Pisiform
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capate
Hamate
Course of Ureters
Water runs under the bridge
Uterine artery is the "water," Ureter is "the bridge." In men, it would be the Ductus deferens instead of uterine artery.
Cranial Bones
"Old Pygmies From Tuvalu Eat Skulls"
Occipital Parietal Frontal Temporal Ethmoid Sphenoid
Cranial Nerves
"On Old Olympus’ towering tops, a fat-ass German vaults and hops"
-Olfactory
-Optic
-Oculomotor
-Trochlear
-Trigeminal
-Abucens
-Facial
-Auditory (Vestibulocochlear)
-Glossopharyngeal
-Vagus
-Accessory
-Hypoglossal
Cubital Fossa Contents (Medial to Lateral)
"My Bottoms Turned Red"
-Median nerve
-Brachial artery
-Tendon of biceps
-Radial nerve
Dorsiflexors of Foot
"FEET"
-Fibularis tertius (Peroneous)
-Extensor hallicus longs
-Extensor digitorum longus
-Tibialis anterior
Erection, Emission, Ejaculation
"Point, Shoot, Score!"
-Parasympathetic
-Sympathetic
-Somatomotor
Tibia vs. fibula:
sizes The Fibula is thin like a
Flute.
The Tibia is thick like a Tuba.
Subclavian artery branches
"Very Tired Individuals
Sip Strong Coffee Served Daily":
Vertebral artery
Thyrocervical trunk
—Inferior thyroid
—Superficial cervical
—Suprascapular
Costocervical
—Superior intercostal
—Deep cervical
Internal pudendal branches
"I Pee Pee
But Don’t Dump!":
Inferior rectal
Posterior scrotal (or labial)
Perineal
Bulb
Deep artery
Dorsal artery
Horner’s syndrome:
components PAM:
Ptosis
Anhydrosis
Miosis
Erector spinae muscles:
order Spinalis is on the
spine (most medial).
Iliocostalis is on the ribs (most lateral).
And it’s a Long (Longissimus) way between the spine and the ribs!
Hand fractures: Colle’s vs. Smith’s Colle’s fracture:
arm in fall position makes a ‘C‘ shape.
Smith’s fracture: arm in fall position makes a ‘S‘ shape.
Femoral triangle:
boundaries "So I May
Always Love Sally":
Superiorly: Inguinal ligament
Medially: Adductor longus
Laterally: Sartorius
Arm fractures: nerves affected by humerus fracture location
ARM fracture:
· From superior to inferior:
Axillary: head of humerus
Radial: mid shaft
Median: supracondular
Extraocular muscles:
movements "ObliqLiques cause
lateral rotation of eyeball":
· Obliques cause lateral, all other rectii are medial rotators of the eyeball.
Action of the obliques is opposite to their names.
Action of the rectii is rightly fitting to their names.
Both superiors cause intorsion and both inferiors cause extorsion.
Cruciate ligaments:
insertions PAMS APPLES:
Posterior [passes] Anterior [inserts] Medially.
Anterior [passes] Posteriorly [inserts] Laterally.
Tibia: muscles of pes anserinus (the muscles attached to tibia’s
medial side)
"A Girl between Two Sargeants":
Gracilus is between
Sartorius and
Semitendonosus
Erector spinae muscles
"I Like Standing":
· From lateral to medial
Illiocostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis
Lower limb peripheral nerve injurys"
Drop into a
DEeP PIT and shuffle your way out":
Foot Drop results from Dorsiflexors and Evertors paralysis,
due to common Peroneal nerve lesion.
Plantarflexion and Inversion impairment due to Tibial nerve
lesion, results in a shuffling gait.
Genu valgum vs. genu vargum
Genu valGUM (knock-knee):
knees are GUMmed together.
· Varum (bowleg) is the other by default, or Far rhymes with Var,
so knees are far apart.
Carpel bones "So Long To Pinky,
Here Comes The Thumb":
· Proximal row, lateral-to-medial, then distal row, medial-to-medial:
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrium
Pisiform
Hamate
Capate
Trapezoid
Trapezium
Bronchopulmonary segments of the left lung
"Astute
Anatomists Share Inside Secrets About Lungs":
Apicoposterior (S1+2)
Anterior (S3)
Superior (S4)
Inferior (S5)
Superior (S6)
Anteromedial basal (S7+8)
Lateral basal (S9)
Vagal nerve:
path into thorax Vagus nerve, unlike phrenic,
continues through diaphragm with esophagus–it is "Not Left Behind":
· The left vagus is anterior, right is posterior [behind].
Atrioventricular valves "LAB RAT":
Left Atrium: Bicuspid
Right Atrium: Tricuspid
Cubital fossa contents MBBR:
- From medial to lateral:
Median nerve
Brachial artery
Biceps tendon
Radial nerve
Muscles: potentially absent ones ·
Muscles which may be
absent but may be important:
5 P’s:
[upper limb] Palmaris longus
[lower limb] Plantaris
[lower limb] Peroneus tertius
[anterior abdominal wall] Pyramidalis
[posterior abdominal wall] Psoas minor
Brachial plexus: numbers of each section ·
It is the same
backwards and forwards:
5–3–2–3–5:
5 Rami
3 Trunks
2 Divisions
3 Cords
5 Terminal nerves
Carpal bones
"These Things Can Happen.
Sensible Lovers Take Precautions":
· Distal to proximal:
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform
Umbilical ligaments:
contents IOU:
· From lateral to medial:
lateral umbilical ligament: Inferior epigastric vessels
medial unbilical ligament: Obliterated umbilical artery
median umbilical ligament: Urachus
Vetebrae subtypes
"Certain Doctors Luv
Saddling Coeds":
· From superior to inferior:
Cervical
Dorsal
Lumbar
Sacrum
Coccyx
Leg: anterior muscles of leg
"The Hospitals
Are Not Dirty Places":
T: Tibialis anterior
H: extensor Hallucis longus
A: anterior tibial Artery
N: deep fibular Nerve
D: extensor Digitorum longus
P: Peronius tertius [aka fibularis tertius]
Tarsal bones
"Traverse City (is) Noted
(for) MIchigan’s Lovely Cherries":
Talus
Calcaneus
(new row)
Navicular
(new row)
Medial Intermediate cuneiforms
Lateral cuneiform
Cuboid
Ear: bones of inner ear
Take a Hammer: Malleus
Hit an Indian Elephant: Incus
It puts its foot in a stirrup: Stapes
· Describes the shape, and relative position (from out to in) of the inner ear
bones.
· Alternatively: "Mailing Includes Stamps".
Bowel components
"Dublin Sisters Ceramic
Red Colored Jewelry Apparently Illegal":
· 2-4 letters of each component:
Duodenum
Sigmoid
Cecum
Rectum
Colon
Jejunum
Appendix
Ileum
Tarsal tunnel:
contents "Tiny Dogs Are
Not Hunters":
· From superior to inferior:
T: Tibialis posterior
F: flexor Digitorum longus
A: posterior tibial Artery
N: tibial Nerve
H: flexor Hallucis longus
Radial nerve:
muscles innervated "Try A Big
Chocolate Chip Sundae, Double Dip Cherries
And Peanuts Preferably Included":
· In order of their innervation, proximal to distal:
Triceps
Anconeus
Brachioradialis
ext. Carpi radialis longus
ext. Carpi radialis brevis
Supinator
ext. Digitorum
ext.Digiti minimi
ext. Carpi ulnaris
Abductor poll. longus
ext. Poll. brevis
ext. P poll. longus
ext. Indicis
· For the neighboring words that start with the same letter (eg: chocolate and
chip), notice that the longer word in the mnemonic, corresponds to the
longer of the two muscle names (ex: ext. carpi radialis longus and ext.
carpi radialis brevis)
Psoas major:
innervation If you hit L2, 3, 4
Psoas gets sore!
Inferior vena cava tributaries
"I Like To
Rise So High":
Illiacs
Lumbar
Testicular
Renal
Suprarenal
Hepatic vein.
· Think of the IVC wanting to rise high up to the heart.
Supination vs. pronation
"SOUPination": Supination is
to turn your arm palm up, as if you are holding a bowl of soup.
"POUR-nation": Pronation is to turn your arm with the palm down, as if
you are pouring out whatever is your bowl.
· Alternatively, Pronation donation: Pronation is palm facing
downward, as if making a donation.
Carpal tunnel syndrome:
causes TRAMP:
Trauma (occupational)
Rheumatiod arthritis
Acromegaly
Myxoedema
Pregnancy
· Alternatively: ARMPIT to include Idiopathic.
Cavernous sinus contents
O TOM CAT:
O TOM are lateral wall components, in order from superior to inferior.
CA are the components within the sinus, from medial to lateral. CA ends at the
level of T from O TOM.
Occulomotor nerve (III)
Trochlear nerve (IV)
Ophthalmic nerve (V1)
Maxillary nerve (V2)
Carotid artery
Abducent nerve (VI)
T: When written, connects to the T of OTOM.
Facial bones
"Virgil Can Not Make
My Pet Zebra Laugh!":
Vomer
Conchae
Nasal
Maxilla
Mandible
Palatine
Zygomatic
Lacrimal
Cranial bones
"Fraternity Parties Occasionally
Teach Spam Etiquette":
· The first two letters of each bone:
Frontal
Parietal
Occipital
Temporal
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
Superior mediastinum contents "BATS & TENT":
Brachiocephalic veins
Arch of aorta
Thymus
Superior vena cava
Trachea
Esophagus
Nerves (vagus & phrenic)
Thoracic duct
Femoral triangle: contents NAVY:
- In order from lateral to medial:
Nerve
Artery
Vein
Yof the groin
· Alternatively: Y = Y-fronts [male underwear].
Carpal bones"The boat sailed to the moon with
3 pEas in a rOw, at the wheel was Captain Hook":
· Carpal bones in order of occurrence:
Boat is scaphoid. Moon is lunate. 3 is triquetrum. Peas is pisiform (stressing
the E sound for trapezium). Row is trapezoid (stressing the O for trapezOid).
Captain is capitate. Hook is hamate (hamate has the hook).
Internal iliac artery:
anterior branches What Bill admitted
to Hilary: "I Milked Our Insatiable Intern’s
Udders Under the Desk":
Inferior gluteal
Middle rectal
Obturator
Inferior vesical artery
Internal pudendal artery
Umbilical
U/D=Uterine artery (female)/ Deferential artery
(male)
Facial nerve:
branches after Stylomastoid foramen "Ten
Zulus Buggered My Cat (Painfully)":
· From superior to inferior:
Temporal branch
Zygomatic branch
Buccal branch
Mandibular branch
Cervical branch
(Posterior auricular nerve)
· Alternatively: "PAssing Through Zanzibar By Motor
Car" (PA for Posterior Auricular).
Sperm pathway through male reproductive tract "STaRT
DEEP—VD!":
· Sperm duct system progression, from smallest to largest:
ST: Seminiferous Tubules
RT: Rete Testes
DE: Ductus Efferentes
EP: Epididymis
VD: Vas Deferens
Horner’s syndrome components SPAM:
Sunken eyeballs/ Symphathetic plexus (cervical) affected
Ptosis
Anhydrosis
Miosis
Spermatic cord
contents "Piles Don’t Contribute
To A Good Sex Life":
Pampiniform plexus
Ductus deferens
Cremasteric artery
Testicular artery
Artery of the ductus deferens
Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve
Sympathetic nerve fibers
Lymphatic vessels
Maxillary artery branches
"DAM I AM Piss Drunk
But Stupid Drunk I Prefer, Must Phone
Alcoholics Anonymous":
Deep auricular
Anterior tympanic
Middle meningeal
Inferior alveolar
Accessory meningeal
Masseteric
Pterygoid
Deep temporal
Buccal
Sphenopalatine
Descending palatine
Infraorbital
Posterior superior alveolar
Middle superior alveolar
Pharyngeal
Anterior superior alveolar
Artery of the pterygoid canal
Interossei muscles:
actions of dorsal vs. palmar in hand "PAd
and DAb":
The Palmar Adduct and the Dorsal Abduct.
· Use your hand to dab with a pad.
V3 innervated muscles (branchial arch 1 derivatives) "M.D.
My TV":
Mastication [masseter, temporalis, pterygoids]
Digastric [anterior belly]
Mylohyoid
tensor Tympani
tensor Veli palatini
CN VII innervated muscles (branchial arch 2 derivatives)
"Imagine someone making the facial expression to say ‘PSS…‘ ":
Facial expression muscles
Posterior belly of digastric
Stapedius
Stylohyoid
Sperm pathway through male reproductive tract SEVEN UP:
Seminiferous tubules
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Ejaculatory duct
Nothing
Urethra
Penis
Thoracic cage:
relations to the important venous structures
Behind the sternoclavicular joints: the brachiocephalic veins begin.
Behind the 1st costal cartilage on the right the superior vena cava
begins.
Behind the 2nd costal cartilage on the right the azygos vein ends.
Behind the 3rd costal cartilage on the right the superior vena cava ends.
Carpal bones
"Scottish Lads Take Prostitutes
To The Caledonian Hotel":
· Proximal row, then distal row:
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrium
Pisiform
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capate
Hamate
· Alternatively: "Students Like Taking Prostitutes
To The Carelton Hotel".
Carpal bones "She Looks Too Pretty;
Try To Catch Her":
· Proximal row then distal row, both lateral-to-medial:
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrium
Pisiform
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capate
Hamate
· Alternatively: "She Likes To Play; Try To
Catch Her".
Femoral hernia:
epidemiology FEMoral hernias are more
common in FEMales.
Superior orbital fissure:
structures passing through "Live
Free To See Absolutely No Insult":
Lacrimal nerve
Frontal nerve
Trochlear nerve
Superior branch of oculomotor nerve
Abducent nerve
Nasociliary nerve
Inferior branch of oculomotor nerve
V3:
sensory branches "Buccaneers Are Inferior
Linguists":
Buccal
Auriculotemporal
Inferior alveolar
Lingual
External carotid artery branches
"So Long For
Acting Old Parenting Means Stability":
Superior thyroid
Lingual
Facial
Ascending pharyngeal
Occiptal
Posterior auricular
Maxillary
Superficial temporal
Spinal cord:
length in vertebral column SCULL:
Spinal Cord Until L2 (LL).
Carotid sheath contents "I See 10 CC‘s in the IV":
I See (I.C.) = Internal Carotid artery
10 = CN 10 (Vagus nerve)
CC = Common Carotid artery
IV = Internal Jugular Vein
Obturator canal:
relations of structures "Who’s flying in
the top of Obturator canal? Obviously Not A Vein!":
Obturator
Nerve
Artery
Vein
Lacrimal nerve course
"Lacrimal’s story of 8 L’s":
Lacrimal nerve runs on Lateral wall of orbit above Lateral
rectus, then Lets communicating branch join in, then supplies Lacrimal
gland, then Leaves it and supplies Lateral upper eye Lid!
Internal iliac artery:
posterior branch PILS:
Posterior branch
Iliolumbar
Lateral sacral
Superior gluteal
Facial nerve
branches "Two Zombies Buggered
My Cat":
· From superior to inferior:
Temporal branch
Zygomatic branch
Buccal branch
Mandibular branch
Cervical branch
· Alternatively: "Two Zulus Bit My Cat".
· Alternatively: "Two Zebras Bit My Coccyx".
· Alternatively: "To Zanzibar By Motor Car".
· Alternatively: "Tall Zulus Bear Many Children"
· Alternatively: "Tell Ziggy Bob Marley Called".
External carotid artery branches StApLE OPIS:
Superior thyroid
Ascending pharyngeal
Lingual
External maxillary (facial)
Occipital
Posterior auricular
Internal maxillary
Superficial temporal
Bronchi:
which is more vertical "Right on Red":
Many places allow making a right hand turn at a red light, if you
first come to a complete stop.
A child swallowing a red penny is more likely to get it stopped
down the right bronchus, since it is more vertical.
Hip:
lateral rotators "Play Golf Or
Go On Quaaludes":
· From top to bottom:
Piriformis
Gemellus superior
Obturator internus
Gemellus inferior
Obturator externus
Quadratus femoris
· Alternatively: "P-GO-GO-Q".
Cartilage derivatives of 1st pharyngeal arch (mandibular) "I’M
A Super Sexy Guy" (or Girl):
Incus
Malleus
Anterior ligament of malleus
Spine of sphenoid
Sphenomandibular ligament
Genial tubercle of mandible
Axillary artery
branches "Suzy Thompkins Loves
Sex, Alcohol, and Pot":
· From proximal to distal:
Superior thoracic
Thoracacromial
Lateral thoracic
Subscapular
Anterior circumflex humeral
Posterior circumflex humeral
Brachial artery:
recurrent and collateral branches "I
Am Pretty Sexy"
Inferior ulnar collateral artery goes with Anterior ulnar
recurrent artery.
Posterior ulnar recurrent artery goes with Superior ulnar
collateral artery.
· Alternatively: "I Am Pretty Smart".
Cubital fossa
contents "My Bottoms Turned
Red":
· From medial to lateral:
Median nerve
Brachial artery
Tendon of biceps
Radial nerve
Lumbar plexus
"I, I Get Laid
On Fridays":
Iliohypogastric [L1]
Ilioinguinal [L1]
Genitofemoral [L1, L2]
Lateral femoral cutaneous [L2, L3]
Obtruator [L2, L3, L4]
Femoral [L2, L3, L4]
· Alternatively: "I twice Get Laid On Fridays".
· Alternatively: "Interested In Getting Laid On
Fridays?"
Intrinsic muscles of hand (palmar surface)
"A OF A OF A":
· Thenar, lateral to medial:
Abductor pollicis longus
Opponens pollicis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Adductor pollicis.
· Hypothenar, lateral to medial:
Opponens digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi
Abductor digiti minimi
Orbit: bones of medial wall
"My Little Eye
Sits in the orbit":
Maxilla (frontal process)
Lacrimal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid (body)
Hip: lateral rotators
"Piece Goods Often
Go On Quilts":
Piriformis
Gemellus superior
Obturator internus
Gemellus inferior
Obturator externus
Quadratus femoris
Erector spinae muscles
"I Love Sex":
· From lateral to medial:
Iliocostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis
· Alternatively: "I Long for Spinach"
· "Sex" helps you think of "Erector", but "Long" and "Spinach" help you remember
the muscles’ names.
Thoracoacromial artery
branches "CAlifornia Police
Department":
Clavicular
Acromial
Pectoral
Deltoid
Axillary artery
branches "Send The Lord
to Say A Prayer":
· From proximal to distal:
Superior thoracic
Thoracacromial
Lateral thoracic
Subscapular
Anterior circumflex humeral
Posterior circumflex humeral
Scrotum
layers "Some Damn Englishman
Called It The Testis":
· From superficial to deep:
Skin
Dartos
External spermatic fascia
Cremaster
Internal spermatic fascia
Tunica vaginalis
Testis
Internal jugular vein:
tributaries "Medical Schools
Let Confident People In":
· From inferior to superior:
Middle thyroid
Superior thyroid
Lingual
Common facial
Pharyngeal
Inferior petrosal sinus
Retroperitoneal structures list SAD PUCKER:
Suprarenal glands
Aorta & IVC
Duodenum (half)
Pancreas
Ureters
Colon (ascending & descending)
Kidneys
Esophagus (anterior & left covered)
Rectum
Portal-systemic anastomoses:
main 2 places that retroperitoneals
connect into systemic RetroPeritoneals hook up with Renal
and Paravertebral veins.
Serratus anterior: innervation SALT:
Serratus Anterior = Long Thoracic.
Carpal bones "Stop Letting Those People
Touch The Cadaver’s Hand":
· Proximal row, lateral-to-medial:
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform
· Distal row, lateral-to-medial:
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate
· Alternatively: "Stop Letting The Professor Touch
The Cadaver’s Hand"
Carpum and tarsum "SCIT":
(Artum) Superior Carpum
(Artum) Inferior Tarsum
Extraocular muscles cranial nerve innervation "LR6SO4
rest 3":
Lateral Rectus is 6th
Superior Oblique is 4th
rest are all 3rd cranial nerve
Brachial plexus
organization "The Castrated
Dog Turns Rabid":
· From lateral to medial:
Terminal branches
Cords
Divisions
Trunks
Roots
Foramen ovale contents MALE:
Mandibular nerve
Accessory meningeal artery
Lesser petrosal nerve
Emissary veins
Alternatively: also include Motor root of Trigeminal and Middle
meningeal vein under ‘M’.
Supine vs. prone body
position "Supine is on your
spine.
Therefore, prone’s the "other" one.
· Also, prone to suffocate in prone position.
External carotid artery
branches "Sister Lucy’s
Powdered Face Often Attracts Silly Medicos":
· Before entering the parotid gland:
Superior thyroid
Lingual
Posterior auricular
Facial
Occipital
Ascending pharyngeal
· Ends as:
Superficial temporal and
Maxillary bifurcating in the in the parotid gland
Femoral triangle:
arrangement of nerve, artery, vein VAN:
· From medial to lateral:
Vein
Artery
Nerve
· Nerve/Artery/Vein are all called Femoral.
Bronchi:
which one is more vertical "Inhale a bite,
goes down the right":
Inhaled objects more likely to lodge in right bronchus, since it is the one that
is more vertical
Cranial Nerves Mnemonic
- Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Virgin Girl’s Va***a And Hymen
- Old, Oliver, Ogg, Traveled, To, Africa, For, Very, Good, Vacations, And, Holidays
- Once On October Thirteenth, Troublesome Abductors Filched Various Golden Valuables And Heirlooms
- Oprah Ought Order Tasty Treats And Finally Value Growing Voluptuous And Happy
- Old Officers Often Trust The Army For A Glory Vague And Hypothetical
- Old Oppressive Oceanic Trout Trick Aquatic Fauna Very Greedily; Valiant Sharks Hunt (them).
- Oh Once One Takes The Anatomy Final, Very Good Vacations Are Heavenly.
- One Of Our Trained Teachers Asked For A Good Vada And Halwa
- On Ocassion Of Tea Three Adult Friends Ate Goose Vanillae And Hen
- Odysseus On Oceans Taking Trips And Finding Vast Glory Venturing After Home
- One Old Ogre Took The Appletini From Very Gigantic Vampires At Happy(hour)
- On Old Olympus’ Towering Top, A Finely Vested German Viewed A Hawk
- Once One Openly Told Tourists About Fighting Vampires Gobling Various Antelope Herds
- On Old Olympus’ Towering Top, A Friendly Viking Grew Vines And Hops
- Oh, Oh, Oh, To Take A Family Vacation! Go Vegas After Hours
- Only Owls Observe Them Traveling And Finding Voldemort Guarding Very Secret Horcruxes
- Old Opie Occasionally Tries Trigonometry And Feels Very Gloomy, Vague And Hypoactive
- Old Oprah Occasionally Trots Triumphantly About, Farting Velveeta Globs, Vaunting Accolades Hysterically
- Old Oprah Occasionally Trots Triumphantly About, Farting Velveeta Globs, Valiantly Spreading Hysteria
- Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Vintage Green Velvet, Simply Heave
- On Old Olympus’ Towering Top, A Finn And German Viewed Some Hops
- Old Open Oceans Trouble Tribesmen About Far Ventures, Global Vacations, Accusing Hydrophobia
- Orange Oregon O-lineman Tried Track And Field, Victory Gave Virginia School Honor
- On Occasion Our Trusty Truck Acts Funny, Very Good Vehicle Any How
The mnemonics to remember the types of cranial nerves
S = Sensory
M = Motor
B = Both (sensory + motor)
- SomeSay Marry Money, But My Brother Says Big Business Makes Money
- Silly Superman Made Mortal Brothers Make Bets Since Both Boys Made Money
- Some Say Money Matters, But My Beloved Says Being Beloved Matters More.
